摘要:
Halogen substituted metallocene compounds are described and comprise one or more monocyclic or polycyclic ligands that are pi-bonded to the metal atom and include at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp 2 carbon atom at a bondable ring position of the ligand, wherein the or at least one ligand has one or more ring heteroatoms in its cyclic structure. When combined with a suitable activator, these compounds show activity in the polymerization of olefins, such as ethylene and propylene.
摘要:
A process for preparing a chelating ligand of the formula (II) from a chelating ligand of the formula (I) via an sp 2 -sp 2 or sp 2 -sp 3 coupling reaction with an organometallic compound of the formula (III). wherein B is a bridging group that is bonded to L 1 and L 2 in formula (I) and to L 3 and L 4 in formula (II); L 1 is a substituted monocyclic or polycyclic ligand that comprises at least one chlorine, bromine, iodine, or sulfonate substituent, directly bonded to an sp2 carbon atom of the ring structure of the ligand; L 2 is a monoanionic ligand; or L 2 may, independently, be defined as L 1 ; L 3 is the same group as L 1 , but said at least one chlorine, bromine, iodine, or sulfonate substituent is replaced with a hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, or substituted halocarbyl fragment; L 4 is the same group as L 2 , though, when L 2 is defined as L 1 , L 4 may be the same as L 3 or L 1 ; R 1 is a hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, or substituted halocarbyl; M 1 is an element of group 1, 2, 12, 13 or 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; each X 2 , if present, is selected independently from the group consisting of halogen atoms, the hydroxyl group, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, mesylate, tosylate and triflate; r is 1, 2 or 3, and t is 0, 1 or 2, where r + t corresponds to the oxidation number of M 1 .
摘要翻译:一种通过式(I)的螯合配体经由sp2-2sp2或sp2-2制备式(II)的螯合配体的方法 与式(III)的有机金属化合物进行偶联反应。 其中B是结合到式(I)中的L 1和L 2的桥连基团和L 3和L 3 式(II)中的4 <! - SIPO < L 1是取代的单环或多环配体,其包含直接键合到配体的环结构的sp2碳原子上的至少一个氯,溴,碘或磺酸盐取代基; L 2是单阴离子配体; 或L 2可以独立地定义为L 1; L 3是与L 1相同的基团,但是所述至少一个氯,溴,碘或磺酸酯取代基被烃基,取代的烃基,卤代烃基或 取代的卤代烃基片段; L 4是与L 2相同的基团,尽管当L 2定义为L 1时,L 4 SUP>可以与L 3或L 1相同; R 1是烃基,取代的烃基,卤代烃基或取代的卤代烃基; M 1是元素周期表第1,2,12,13或14族的元素; 每个X 2,如果存在,独立地选自卤素原子,羟基,烷氧基,芳氧基,甲磺酸酯,甲苯磺酸酯和三氟甲磺酸酯; r为1,2或3,t为0,1或2,其中r + t对应于M 1的氧化数。
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neuartige Katalysatoren für die oxidative Veresterung, mittels derer beispielsweise (Meth)acrolein zu Methyl(meth)acrylat umgesetzt werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäßen Katalysatoren zeichnen sich dabei insbesondere durch eine hohe mechanische und chemische Stabilität auch über sehr lange Zeiträume aus. Dies betrifft insbesondere eine Verbesserung gegenüber Katalysatoren des Standes der Technik, die in Medien mit auch geringem Wassergehalt im kontinuierlichen Betrieb relativ schnell Aktivität und/oder Selektivität verlieren.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methylmethacrylat durch eine direkte oxidative Veresterung von Methacrolein mit Sauerstoff und Methanol, die in flüssiger Phase bei einem Druck von 2 bis 100 bar mit einem goldhaltigen Katalysator durchgeführt wird. Die flüssige Phase wird erfindungsgemäß dem Reaktor kontinuierlich entnommen, optional mit sauerstoffhaltigem Gas angereichert, der pH-Wert nach der Entnahme mittels Zugabe einer basischen Lösung auf einen pH-Wert zwischen 5 und 9 eingestellt und diese flüssige Phase zu mindestens 50% wieder zurück in den Reaktor geführt.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methylmethacrylat durch direkte oxidative Veresterung von Methacrolein und die Herstellung von Methacrolein. Dabei zeichnet sich dieses neuartige Verfahren dadurch aus, dass die Ausbeute und die Effizienz des Prozesses gegenüber dem Stand der Technik durch eine Abfolge verschiedener Destillationsschritte deutlich gesteigert werden konnte.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Methylmethacrylat, umfassend die Schritte: A) Herstellung von Methacrolein und B) Umsetzung des in Schritt A) erhaltenen Methacroleins in einer oxidativen Veresterungsreaktion zu Methylmethacrylat, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Schritte A) und B) in flüssiger Phase bei einem Druck von 2 bis 100 bar erfolgen und Schritt B) in Gegenwart eines heterogenen, Metalle und/oder Metalloxide umfassenden, edelmetallhaltigen Katalysators durchgeführt wird.
摘要:
A metallocene compound is represented by the formula (1): wherein: M is a Group 3, 4, 5 or 6 transition metal atom, or a lanthanide metal atom, or actinide metal atom, preferably a Group 4 transition metal atom selected from titanium, zirconium or hafnium; E is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic arenyl ligand pi-bonded to M; A is a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic arenyl ligand that is pi-bonded to M and has a different ring structure than the E ligand; at least one of the A and E ligands includes at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp 2 carbon at a bondable ring position; Y is a bridging group containing at least one Group 13, 14, 15, or 16 element and any single position of the ring structure of A and to any single position of the ring structure of E; and y is zero or 1, indicating the absence (y = 0) or presence (y =1) of Y; and each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand; provided that when E is an unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand, either y is one or A is not 2-bromofluorenyl or 2,7-dibromofluorenyl.
摘要:
Ametallocene compound is represented by the formula (1): A 2 Y y MX n-2 wherein: M is a transition metal atom having a coordination number of n selected from Group 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table of Elements, or a lanthanide metal atom, or actinide metal atom; each A is independently a substituted polycyclic arenyl ligand pi-bonded to M, each A ligand includes at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp 2 carbon at a bondable ring position and, when each A is a substituted indenyl ligand and y is equal to one and the ligand includes at least one chloro, bromo or iodo substituent at the 4, 5, or 6 position of the indenyl ligand, then A also includes at least one other substituent in the indenyl ligand selected from hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, halogen, halocarbyl, substituted halocarbyl, silylcarbyl, substituted silylcarbyl, germylcarbyl, substituted germylcarbyl, or other heteroatom substituents wherein the heteroatom is bonded directly to a ring carbon of the ring structure ligand and is boron, a Group 15 atom, or a Group 16 atom, preferably boron, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, or sulfur; Y is an optional bridging group containing at least one Group 13, 14, 15, or 16 element and is bonded to any single position of the ring structure of A, y is zero or 1, indicating the absence (y = 0) or presence (y =1) of Y; and the or each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand; provided that when y is equal to 1, then A is not 5,6-dichloroindenyl or an indenyl group having a fluoro- or chloro substituent at the 7 position and a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl substituent at the 4 position, and provided further that when y is equal to 0, then A is not 5,6-difluoroindenyl.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a catalytic continuous process for producing methyl methacrylate, said process comprising the step of reacting methacrolein with oxygen and methanol in the presence of a heterogeneous noble-metal-containing catalyst in an oxidative esterification reaction to give methyl methacrylate, characterized in that the stationary concentration of the starting material methacrolein is equal to or less than 12 % by weight based on the total weight of the reaction mixture in the reactor, and the ratio F between the total liquid volume within the reactor expressed in litres divided by the total weight of catalyst in the reactor expressed in kilograms is equal to or less than 4.
摘要:
A metallocene compound is represented by the formula (1): AMX n-1 wherein M is a transition metal atom having a coordination number of n selected from Group 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table of Elements, or a lanthanide metal atom, or actinide metal atom; A is a substituted monocyclic or polycyclic arenyl ligand pi-bonded to M, wherein said arenyl ligand includes at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to any sp 2 carbon atom at a bondable ring position of the ligand; and the or each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand.