Abstract:
Data security of a multi-dimensional code system is increased. An optical device is provided with a single input port; a splitter splitting an input light from the input port into a plurality of lights; a plurality of phase shifters each shifting one of the lights split by the splitter; a multi-port encoder/decoder inputting the lights whose phases are shifted by the phase shifters and generating spectral encoded codes; and a plurality of output ports outputting the spectral encoded codes generated by the multi-port encoder/decoder.
Abstract:
The invention provides a new system for internet security. The internet network system comprises a first Edge Network 11 that comprises a Source Host (SH) 12, a first gateway (GW) 13 and a Local Name Server (LNS) 14, a Logical Control network 21 which comprises a Domain Name Registry (DNR) 22 and a Host Name Registry (HNR) 23, a Target Host (TH) 31 in the first Edge Network 11 or in a second Edge Network 32 and a Global Transit Network 41 which includes Routers 42 to connect the first Edge Network 11, the Logical Control network 21; and the second Edge Network 32.
Abstract:
Wireless communication method for wireless communication from transmitter to receiver, comprising: transmission step at which said transmitter transmits sequence of radio pulses as a data packet which comprises: preamble section which consists of a preamble sequence for initial symbol synchronization and channel estimation; header section which consists of both regular header information on said data packet and multiplexed preamble sequences; payload section which consists of both regular payload message of said data packet and multiplexed preamble sequences, receiving step at which said receiver receives said data packet consisting of said preamble, header and payload section.
Abstract:
The delay estimation apparatus (34) according to this invention comprises: a correlator (41) which generates a correlation function between a received signal and a supplied template waveform; an AD (analog to digital) converter (42) which samples said correlation function generated at said correlator into discrete samples; and an arithmetic operation section (43) which obtains time delays of multipath components of said received signal based on said discrete samples generated at said AD converter, wherein said arithmetic operation section includes an iteration procedure where in each iteration, the time delay and the amplitude of the strongest signal component are estimated based on the present sample sequence, and said sample sequence is updated by deducting the estimated strongest component from said sample sequence; said iteration is terminated when a termination criterion is satisfied. Specifically, in each said iteration, said amplitude estimate of said strongest component is given by the maximum likelihood (ML) solution. The delay estimation apparatus according to this invention can be adopted for the first arrival detection or wireless ranging.
Abstract:
Delay estimation apparatus and method, comprising: a correlation step which a correlation function between a received signal and a supplied template waveform is generated, AD conversion step at which said correlation output generated at said correlation step is uniformly sampled into discrete samples; and arithmetic operation step at which a time delay estimate of the received signal based on said discrete samples generated at said AD conversion step is computed, wherein a selection criterion depending on the digital sampling frequency used at said AD conversion means is checked, if said selection criterion is satisfied, computes the time delay estimate based on the direct pick method, and if said selection criterion does not hold, computes the time delay estimate based on the simplified maximum likelihood (ML) method.
Abstract:
This invention specifies a dynamic mobile sensor network platform that can communicate with various types of sensors that have different protocols. The platform comprises the mobile sensors and mobile sensor gateways, in which the networking protocols and application programs can be separately installed, changed and updated. The user can install new applications on an already-deployed sensor network so that it can be used in different networking environments for the new type of services.
Abstract:
This invention specifies mechanisms for detection of failure of links directly attached to communication devices (hosts and gateways) or lying in the path between these devices. The invention also specifies mechanisms for recovering communication sessions when the failure occurs. The failure in a link connected to the host or to the gateway is detected by using a link layer trigger by the respective node while the gateway failure or failure in a remote link is detected by a signaling mechanism initiated by the host on the basis of two control timers, probe timer and keepalive timer. The edge router and gateway also assist the host to detect the failure and quickly start the recovery process. They perform packet redirection through a lively link to the host, thus reducing or completely avoiding packet losses while the host performs the recovery mechanism to transfer the session from the failed link to the lively link.
Abstract:
A SDH receiver which comprises a first polarization beam splitter 11, a second polarization beam splitter 13, a first separator 15, a second separator 17, a third separator 19, a fourth separator 21, a first 90-degree polarization rotor 23, a second 90-degree polarization rotor 25, a first hybrid detector 31, a second hybrid detector 33, a third hybrid detector 35, a fourth hybrid detector 37, and a signal processor 39.
Abstract:
The receiver 11 for self-homodyne detection comprises a coherent detection system and a direct detection system. The receiver comprises a polarization splitter 13, a first splitter 15, a 90 degree polarization rotor 17, a hybrid detector 19, a first balanced detector 21, and a processor 23.