Abstract:
A method for inducing a controllable jet in a transparent liquid is disclosed. The method comprises providing a gas-liquid interface, providing a laser source and generating a beam comprising a sequence of laser pulses, and focusing the beam to a target location within the liquid at a predetermined distance from the gas-liquid interface and creating a plurality of cavitation bubbles, yielding a jet directed away from the gas-liquid interface. Other methods and apparatus are also described and claimed.
Abstract:
A method for inducing a controllable jet in a transparent liquid is disclosed. The method comprises providing a gas-liquid interface, providing a laser source and generating a beam comprising a sequence of laser pulses, and focusing the beam to a target location within the liquid at a predetermined distance from the gas-liquid interface and creating a plurality of cavitation bubbles, yielding a jet directed away from the gas-liquid interface. Other methods and apparatus are also described and claimed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for correcting a local surface defect (430, 440, 530, 540) of a reflective optical element (170, 171, 172, 173, 74, 175, 200, 300, 400, 500, 700, 800) of an extreme ultraviolet lithography system (100) comprises the steps of analyzing the local surface defect (430, 440, 530, 540), correcting the local surface defect (430, 440, 530, 540) by focusing femto- or picosecond light pulses of a laser system (600) onto positions of the local surface defect (430, 440, 530, 540), and verifying that a wave front sensor (190) associated with the extreme ultraviolet lithography system (100) can no longer detect the local surface defect (430, 440, 530, 540).
Abstract:
A method for removing a soft defect from a reticle, the reticle comprising a substrate made from material transparent to UV irradiation and having a front surface and a back opposite surface, the front surface provided with a pattern on an absorber coating layer, the soft defect being located on the coating layer, on a space of the pattern or at another location within a volume enclosed between a pellicle substantially covering the front surface and the front surface of the reticle. The method comprises receiving information on the location of the soft defect; generating a pulsed laser beam using the pulsed laser source; and based on the information directing the pulsed laser beam through the back surface of the reticle and into the substrate and focusing the beam on the target location within the substrate adjacent the location of the soft defect or directly on the location of the soft defect.
Abstract:
A method for producing, trapping and manipulating a gas microbubble in liquid is disclosed. The method includes providing a pulsed laser source for generating a pulsed laser radiation and focusing optics; and focusing a pulsed laser radiation to a focal zone within the liquid, with energy exceeding the threshold of optical breakdown in the liquid at the focal zone. It is also suggested to use focusing optics to focus the laser beam to a focal point at a depth close to the compensation depth of the focusing optics for spherical aberration.
Abstract:
A method for producing, trapping and manipulating a gas microbubble in liquid is disclosed. The method includes providing a pulsed laser source for generating a pulsed laser radiation and focusing optics; and focusing a pulsed laser radiation to a focal zone within the liquid, with energy exceeding the threshold of optical breakdown in the liquid at the focal zone. It is also suggested to use focusing optics to focus the laser beam to a focal point at a depth close to the compensation depth of the focusing optics for spherical aberration.
Abstract:
Apparatus and method for transmittance mapping of an object which is at least partially transparent to deep ultraviolet radiation. The method comprises directing a wide-band deep ultraviolet radiation so as to illuminate different areas of an array of successive areas of the object; using an optical detector positioned on an opposite side of the object with respect to the radiation source detecting the wide-band deep ultraviolet radiation that emerges from the object; and processing signals from the optical detector to determine the transmittance of the radiation through the different areas of the array of successive areas of the object.
Abstract:
Apparatus and method for transmittance mapping of an object which is at least partially transparent to deep ultraviolet radiation. The method comprises directing a wide-band deep ultraviolet radiation so as to illuminate different areas of an array of successive areas of the object; using an optical detector positioned on an opposite side of the object with respect to the radiation source detecting the wide-band deep ultraviolet radiation that emerges from the object; and processing signals from the optical detector to determine the transmittance of the radiation through the different areas of the array of successive areas of the object.
Abstract:
A method for removing a soft defect from a reticle, the reticle comprising a substrate made from material transparent to UV irradiation and having a front surface and a back opposite surface, the front surface provided with a pattern on an absorber coating layer, the soft defect being located on the coating layer, on a space of the pattern or at another location within a volume enclosed between a pellicle substantially covering the front surface and the front surface of the reticle. The method comprises receiving information on the location of the soft defect; generating a pulsed laser beam using the pulsed laser source; and based on the information directing the pulsed laser beam through the back surface of the reticle and into the substrate and focusing the beam on the target location within the substrate adjacent the location of the soft defect or directly on the location of the soft defect.