Abstract:
A concentration of a substance in a sample can be detected by a system that includes an emitter and a detector. The emitter emits, through the sample, electromagnetic energy in a first range of wavelengths that includes a first wavelength and electromagnetic energy in a second range of wavelengths that includes a second wavelength. The substance is at least partially absorptive of electromagnetic energy at the first wavelength and substantially nonabsorptive of electromagnetic energy at the second wavelength. The detector is arranged to detect electromagnetic energy in the first and second ranges of wavelengths. The concentration of the substance in the sample is determined based at least on the intensity of electromagnetic energy received by the detector in the first range of wavelengths and the intensity of electromagnetic energy received by the detector in the second range of wavelengths. The system can be submerged in the sample during operation.
Abstract:
Technology is provided for an aqueous solution constituent analyzer (100). The analyzer (100) includes an ultraviolet light emitting diode LED (130) with a current source (146) providing variable current thereto. A spectrometer (132) is positioned for receiving light from the LED (130) transmitted through an aqueous solution. A controller (140) receives radiant flux data for a plurality of wavelengths and determines, based on the radiant flux data, a usable number of the plurality of wavelengths that satisfies a relative uncertainty threshold. The controller (140) can increase the current to the LED (130) if the usable number of wavelengths is less than a minimum threshold and calculate a concentration of a constituent of interest in the solution. The controller (140) can also determine a peak wavelength of the plurality of wavelengths having the greatest intensity value, and decrease the current level to the LED (130) if the peak wavelength has an intensity value greater than a saturation value for the spectrometer (132).
Abstract:
Se describe un método para la determinación del factor de protección solar (FPS) in vitro cuyo fin es lograr reproducibilidad y exactitud en las determinaciones y reemplazar el uso de pruebas sobre seres vivos. Para ello se hace uso del ácido hialurónico, un sustrato natural presente en la piel humana, el cual se prueba en solución o como película sólida, en concentraciones inferiores al 1% p/v y usando de un espectrofotómetro. Una vez calibrado se ha utilizado para corroborar el factor de protección ofrecido por bloqueadores solares comerciales.
Abstract:
The method for determining the presence of a molecule having a Raman resonance generally comprises illuminating a sample with a first radiation beam, the first radiation beam having a first excitation wavelength being tuned to a Raman resonance of the molecule; receiving a first return signal from the sample following illumination of the sample with the first radiation beam; measuring a first intensity of the first return signal using an intensity detector; illuminating the sample with a second radiation beam, the second radiation beam lacking the first excitation wavelength and having a second excitation wavelength being different from the first excitation wavelength; receiving a second return signal from the sample following illumination of the sample with the second radiation beam; measuring a second intensity of the second return signal using an intensity detector; and determining the presence of the molecule in the sample based on the first and second intensities.
Abstract:
An integrated ultraviolet analyzer is described. The integrated ultraviolet analyzer can include one or more ultraviolet analyzer cells, each of which includes one or more ultraviolet photodetectors and one or more solid state light sources, which are monolithically integrated. The solid state light source can be operated to emit ultraviolet light, at least some of which passes through an analyzer active gap and irradiates a light sensing surface of the ultraviolet photodetector. A medium to be evaluated can be present in the analyzer active gap and affect the ultraviolet light as it passes there through, thereby altering an effect of the ultraviolet light on a ultraviolet photodetector.
Abstract:
Methods, apparatus, and processes which use Extreme ultraviolet radiation (EUV) and/or soft X-ray wavelengths to read, image, edit, locate, identify, map, alter, delete, repair and sequence genes are described. An EUV scanning tool which allows high throughput genomic scanning of DNA, RNA and protein sequences is also described. A database which records characteristic absorption spectra of gene sequences is also described.
Abstract:
본 발명은 다중 광원을 이용한 표면측정장치 및 표면측정방법에 관한 것으로서, 대상물의 표면에 광을 선택적으로 조사하도록 복수의 광원을 구비한 광원부와, 광원이 조사된 대상물의 표면을 순차적으로 촬영하여 영상을 획득하는 영상획득부와, 광원부와 영상획득부의 둘레에 설치되어 외부광을 차단하는 차폐부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다. 따라서, 본 발명은 광원부와 영상획득부의 둘레에 외부광을 차단하는 차폐부를 설치하여 표면을 측정함으로써, 영상획득부의 카메라에 측정용 이외의 광원을 차단하는 차단필터를 별도로 설치할 필요가 없어 카메라의 설치비용을 절감하는 동시에 카메라의 영상의 활용도, 정확도, 정밀도를 향상시킬 수 있는 효과를 제공한다.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lichtleitvorrichtung (102) zum Leiten eines Lichtstrahls (108) zwischen einer Lichtquelle (107) und einer Messeinheit (114) zum Messen einer Gas- oder Stoffkonzentration. Die Lichtleitvorrichtung (102) umfasst einen Lichtleiter (104) mit zumindest einem der Lichtquelle (107) zugewandten oder zuwendbar anordenbaren Einkoppelabschnitt (106) zum Einkoppeln des Lichtstrahls (108) und einem der Messeinheit (114) zugewandten oder zuwendbar anordenbaren Auskoppelabschnitt (110) zum Auskoppeln des Lichtstrahls (108). Der Lichtleiter (104) ist ausgebildet, um den Lichtstrahl (108) durch Totalreflexion an einer Grenzfläche zu einem den Lichtleiter (104) umgebenden Fluidoder Material, das eine kleinere Brechzahl als der Lichtleiter (104) aufweist, zwischen dem Einkoppelabschnitt (106) und dem Auskoppelabschnitt (110) zu leiten. Ferner weist die Lichtleitvorrichtung (102) eine Halteeinrichtung (120 )auf, die ausgebildet ist, um den Lichtleiter (104) derart in dem Fluid zu halten, dass zumindest ein Hauptanteil einer Oberfläche des Lichtleiters (104) Kontakt mit dem Fluid hat.
Abstract:
Provided are fire-fighting foam concentrate compositions incorporating multiple dye indicator agents, fire-fighting foams formed from said compositions, and to methods for evaluating fire-fighting foam concentrates. The compositions are useful as a complex anti-counterfeiting system and also allow for the differentiation of different types of authentic concentrates.