Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Glätten und Polieren von Oberflächen durch Bearbeitung mit energetischer Strahlung, insbesondere Laserstrahlung, bei dem die zu glättende Oberfläche (1) in einer ersten Bearbeitungsstufe unter Einsatz der energetischen Strahlung (3) mit ersten Bearbeitungsparametern zumindest einmal bis zu einer ersten Umschmelztiefe (10) von ca. 5 bis 100 µ m umgeschmolzen wird, die größer als eine Strukturtiefe von zu glättenden Strukturen der zu glättenden Oberfläche (1) ist, wobei kontinuierliche Strahlung oder gepulste Strahlung (3) mit einer Pulsdauer ≥ 100µs eingesetzt wird. Das Verfahren ermöglicht es, beliebige dreidimensionale Oberflächen schnell und kostengünstig automatisiert zu polieren.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a moulded body, particularly a prototype of a product or component part, a tool prototype or spare part, in accordance with three-dimensional CAD data of a model of a moulded body, by depositing layers of a metallic material in powder form. Several layers of powder are successively deposited one on top of the other, whereby each layer of powder is heated to a specified temperature by means of a focused laser beam applied to a given area corresponding to a selected cross-sectional area of the model of the moulded body, before deposition of the next layer. The laser beam is guided over each layer of powder in accordance with the CAD cross-sectional data of the selected cross-sectional area of the model in such a way that each layer of powder is fixed to the layer below it. The method is characterized in that the metallic material in powder form is applied in the form of a metallic powder free of binders and fluxing agents, that it is heated by the laser beam to melting temperature, that the energy of the laser beam is chosen in such a way that the layer of metallic powder is fully molten throughout at the point of impact of said laser beam, that the laser beam is guided across the specified area of powder in several runs in such a way that each run of the laser beam partly overlaps the preceding run, and that a protective gas atmosphere is maintained above the interaction zone of the laser beam and the metallic powder.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a method and device for modifying the local grain structure at the surface of a material in the solid or liquid phase. The surface in the zone being worked is heated to a given temperature by high-energy radiation. The temperature at this point is measured. The measured values thus obtained are modified to bring them closer to the required target values by using a control unit to modify the rate of emission of energy from the high-energy radiation source. Following the heating phase, the rate of cooling of the material is determined by measuring the temperature of the surface of the material, in the zone being worked, at at least two different points in time as the material cools. The temperature of the material is controlled as it cools further by irradiating it at least once more, in the zone being worked, in such a way that a previously specified rate of cooling of the material in the zone being worked results.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for deposition of at least one electrically conducting film (20) on a substrate (30), comprising the steps: selecting a layer (10) of a film material, wherein the layer (10) comprises a mask (40) on a front side (11) and wherein the layer (10) and the mask (40) are one piece, - positioning the front side (11) of the layer (10) upon the substrate (30), applying at least one laser pulse (120) onto a back side (12) of the layer (10), so as to melt and to vaporize at least parts of the layer (10) such that melt droplets (110) are propelled toward and deposited upon said substrate (30), forming the film (20), wherein at least one slot (45) of the mask (40) limits the distribution of said melt droplets (110).
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils basierend auf dreidimensionalen Daten des Bauteils, wobei eine Bauplattform, die eine Aufbauebene in x-y- Richtung in einem rechtwinkligen x-y-z-Koordinatensystem darstellt, bereitgestellt wird, darauf nacheinander Pulverschichten übereinander in z-Richtung aufgebracht werden und jede Pulverschicht in einem Querschnittsbereich, der einem Querschnittsbereich entsprechend den Daten des Bauteils entspricht, mittels Energiestrahlung verfestigt wird, wobei die jeweiligen dem aufzubauenden Bauteil entsprechenden Querschnittsbereiche der jeweils folgenden Pulverschicht an dem jeweils darunter liegenden Querschnittsbereich verbunden werden, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass zum Aufbauen des Bauteils aus mindestens zwei unterschiedlichen Werkstoffen in definierten Bereichen auf die jeweiligen Querschnittsbereiche eine jeweilige dem Werkstoff dieses Querschnittsbereichs entsprechende Pulverart aufgebracht wird und das aufgebrachte Pulver dieser Pulverschicht mittels jeweiliger Energiestrahlung, die der jeweiligen Pulverart angepasst ist, aufgeschmolzen wird. Weiterhin wird eine entsprechende Vorrichtung angegeben.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for permanently applying a grayscale image (1) to a mat surface that can be polished by means of laser radiation. According to said method, image data of the grayscale image (1) encompassing an association of gray scales with pixels of the image are provided. A laser beam (4) of a pulsed laser is guided across the surface (5) for processing purposes in adjacent or partly overlapping tracks (7) while processing parameters are modulated based on the image data in such a way that different gray scales of the pixels are transformed into different degrees of gloss of the surface (5) by smoothing the surface (5) in a locally different manner. The inventive method makes it possible to polish high-resolution grayscale images into the surfaces of metallic workpieces.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device and a process for shaping workpieces with laser diose radiation. The invention is characterized in that, depending on the outline of the workpiece to be shaped, there is a plurality of diose lasers which direct laser radiation directy on the surface of the workpiece, there is a detector unit to detect the spatial shaping of the workpiece and there is an evaluation and control unit which determines process parameters for further irradiation depending on a comparison between the actual and reference shaping state of the workpiece.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Fertigung optischer Elemente (2), bei dem die Oberfläche eines Rohlings (1) zur Annäherung an eine Soll-Oberflächenkontur zunächst durch Grobabtrag von Material mittels energetischer Strahlung bearbeitet wird. Nach dem Grobabtrag wird die bearbeitete Oberfläche mit energetischer Strahlung poliert, die Oberflächenkontur und Oberflächenrauheit der Oberfläche optisch vermessen und mit einer Soll-Oberflächenkontur und einer Soll-Oberflächenrauheit verglichen. Bei Abweichung der vermessenen Oberflächenkontur oder Oberflächenrauheit von der Soll-Oberflächenkontur und Soll-Oberflächenrauheit außerhalb vorgegebener Toleranzgrenzen erfolgt ein Feinstabtrag von Material mittels energetischer Strahlung, bis die Abweichung innerhalb der vorgegebenen Toleranzgrenzen liegt. Das Verfahren eignet sich besonderes für die flexible Herstellung von optischen Elementen mit Durchmessern größer 1 mm und asphärischen oder Freiformoberflächen.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a component based on three-dimensional data for the component, wherein a production platform which represents a production plane in the x-y direction in a right-angled x-y-z coordinate system is generated, sequential powder layers are applied on top of each other in the z-direction and each powder layer is solidified in a cross-sectional region corresponding to a cross-sectional region which corresponds to the data for the component by means of energy radiation. Each cross-sectional region corresponding to the component to be produced of each subsequent powder layer is bonded to the cross-sectional region lying beneath the same, characterised in that to produce the component from at least two different materials in defined regions of each of the cross-sectional regions a type of powder is applied corresponding to the material of said cross-sectional region and the applied powder of said powder layer is fused by means of energy radiation suitable for said powder type. The invention also relates to a corresponding device.
Abstract:
A process and device are known to increase the degree of absorption during superficial solid phase hardening of workpieces by laser radiation, in particular for geometrically complex workpieces, by taking measures in the processing area during processing to increase laser radiation absorption. In order to create a process and device that allow the surface of workpieces having complex geometrical shapes in the finished state to be hardened without previously applying absorption-promoting coating layers, that allow an increased processing speed to be achieved in comparison with conventional processes and the hardening depth to be increased with comparable process parameters, a process gas is supplied to the processing area as a gaseous mixture of at least one inert gas and oxygen in order to increase laser radiation absorption, and the degree of absorption of laser radiation in the workpiece processing area is set depending on a predetermined set value depending on the proportion of the ingredients of the processing gas mixture, the processing gas volume flow and/or the temperature in the processing area during processing.