Abstract:
An apparatus for forming a beam of electromagnetic radiation includes a plasma radiation source (24), and a foil trap (25) provided with a plurality of thin foils (20) that extend substantially parallel to the direction of radiation from the plasma source (20). A grid (22) is disposed between the plasma radiation source (20) and the foil trap (24). A space is located between the grid (22) and the foil trap (24). The apparatus also include an electrical potential application circuit (28) that is constructed and arranged to apply an electrical potential to the grid (22) so that the grid (22) repels electrons emitted by the plasma radiation source (22) and creates a positive space charge between the grid (20) and the foil trap (24) to deflect ions emitted by the plasma radiation source (20) to the foil trap (24).
Abstract:
Disclosed is a new type of lamp (1) with a very high efficiency and a very high light intensity, which is capable of emitting visible light over virtually the entire visible region of the spectrum, producing virtually no IR radiation and virtually no UV radiation. In an illustrated preferred embodiment, the lamp comprises two bulbs (20, 30), one within the other. Arranged inside the first bulb (20) is an element (10) for generating UV radiation, for instance a standard mercury lamp. The space (21) between the first bulb (20) and the element (10) contains a dimer medium for converting UV radiation to visible light. The inside of the second bulb (30) is provided with a luminescent substance (31) for absorbing residual UV radiation, if any, leaving the first chamber (21), and for emitting visible light, and optionally the spectrum of the dimer radiation can be supplemented, for instance with red light.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a dimer laser (50) which is able to produce a beam of laser light (25) with a spectrum extending over a large part of the visible wavelength range, including a part of the ultraviolet and/or a part of the infrared wavelength range, which spectrum is very rich in equidistant spectral lines. This is achieved in that the pump light (31) used for stimulating the laser emission is not coupled axially but sideways. Further described are a number of examples of uses of a dimer laser (50).
Abstract:
Disclosed is a dimer laser (50) which is able to produce a beam of laser light (25) with a spectrum extending over a large part of the visible wavelength range, including a part of the ultraviolet and/or a part of the infrared wavelength range, which spectrum is very rich in equidistant spectral lines. This is achieved in that the pump light (31) used for stimulating the laser emission is not coupled axially but sideways. Further described are a number of examples of uses of a dimer laser (50).