Abstract:
The present invention relates to a device (10) for the sampling of blood or other body fluids which includes means (16) for the direct measurement of the analyte of interest within the fluid. Also disclosed is a "closed-loop" device and method wherein the analyte is measured and the required amount of drug is determined and injected, without removal of the device from the patient's body.
Abstract:
A process for the sampling of extracellular fluid across the skin of an animal involves establishing an ultrasonic standing wave across the skin and collecting fluid transudate. Sampling can be enhanced by combining the use of ultrasound with the application of a partial vacuum to the surface of the skin. An apparatus includes an ultrasonic transducer, a reflector and an absorbent material for collecting transudate. The apparatus can further include a pressure component for reducing hydrostatic pressure on the skin surface.
Abstract:
A process of calibrating an individual in preparation for the non-invasive measurement of a biological compound across the skin of that individual using non-ionizing radiation is provided. The process includes determining the contribution of one or more skin parameters to the absorption and transmittance data and correcting the subsequent non-invasive measurement of the biological compound for the contribution of the parameter(s).
Abstract:
The combined use of an ultrasound source (12) and a pressure-reducing means (14) for the enhancement of transdermal transport of fluids in fluid sampling methods, and for the detection of analytes in a patient's blood.
Abstract:
This disclosure relates to a device and method for the non-invasive or minimally invasive withdrawal of fluids from a patient by the use of a self-actuated pump (12) connected to an analyte sensing unit (16). The self-actuated pump (12) is preferably mounted in the patient's shoe (38).