公开(公告)号：WO1996029585A1

公开(公告)日：1996-09-26

申请号：PCT/US1996002558

申请日：1996-03-11

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  RAPOPORT, William, Ross ,  HOU, Janpu

IPC: G01L11/02

CPC classification number: G01L1/241 ,  G01L11/02

Abstract: A cladded birefringent pressure sensor for use in a pressure-sensing system. The sensor is a single composite plate consisting of two plates (122, 124) each with different indices of refraction. One surface of the sensor is exposed to the environmental pressure under measurement. A collimated broad band light source is transmitted via a fiber optic cable, a polarizer and a birefringent bias element which transmits a wavelength/polarization component of light through the sensor. An external force applied to the sensor adds a stress-induced component to the polarized lightwave. The lightwave exits the sensor and is captured by a second polarizer producing a modulated light spectrum. A focusing element collects the light and transmits it down another fiber optic cable. The cable transmits the light to an opto-electronic interface where the fringe pattern is extracted and a computer compatible signal is generated for a CPU. The CPU performs a Fourier transform on the fringe pattern, where the phase term for a selected frequency is the measure of the externally applied pressure on the sensor.

Abstract translation: 用于压力感测系统的包层双折射压力传感器。 传感器是由具有不同折射率的两个板（122,124）组成的单个复合板。 传感器的一个表面暴露于测量下的环境压力。 准直的宽带光源通过光纤电缆，偏振器和透射通过传感器的光的波长/偏振分量的双折射偏置元件传输。 施加到传感器的外力对偏振光波增加应力诱导分量。 光波出射传感器，并由第二偏振器捕获，产生调制光谱。 聚焦元件收集光并将其传输到另一根光纤电缆上。 电缆将光线传输到提取条纹图案的光电接口，并为CPU生成计算机兼容信号。 CPU对条纹图案执行傅里叶变换，其中所选频率的相位项是传感器上外部施加的压力的量度。

公开(公告)号：WO1997043614A1

公开(公告)日：1997-11-20

申请号：PCT/US1997008653

申请日：1997-05-16

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  RAPOPORT, William, Ross ,  HOU, Janpu ,  PAPANESTOR, Paul, Alexander

IPC: G01L01/24

CPC classification number: G01L1/241 ,  G01L11/02

Abstract: A photoelastic force sensor comprising a sensor plate or disk bonded by means of diffusion or reactive bonding of identical or like materials onto a first face of a spacer ring which defines an aperture. The spacer ring also has an appropriate thickness and width so that other sealing requirements that induce stress into the spacer ring are not appreciably passed onto the sensor plate. A seal plate is attached to a second face of the spacer ring to form a sealed cavity which can then be evacuated or pressurized as required for the application.

Abstract translation: 一种光弹力传感器，包括通过将相同或相似材料扩散或反应地粘合到限定孔的间隔环的第一面上的传感器板或盘。 间隔环也具有适当的厚度和宽度，使得将间隙环中的应力引入的其它密封要求不会明显地传递到传感器板上。 密封板连接到间隔环的第二面上以形成密封腔，然后可以根据需要对其进行抽真空或加压。

公开(公告)号：WO1996031763A1

公开(公告)日：1996-10-10

申请号：PCT/US1996004555

申请日：1996-04-03

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  RAPOPORT, William, R. ,  GUALTIERI, Devlin, M. ,  HOU, Janpu ,  VAN DE VAART, Herman

IPC: G01K11/32

CPC classification number: G01K11/3206 ,  G01K11/18

Abstract: An optical temperature sensor for use in a temperature detector system having at least two birefringent crystal elements arranged in tandem. A collimated broad band light source is transmitted via a fiber optic cable, a polarizer to a first birefringent crystal element. The first crystal element decomposes the light wave into first and second orthogonally polarized waves and transmits the wave components to a second birefringent crystal element. The linearly polarized waves propagate through the birefringent crystals, and the environmental temperature introduces a temperature dependent phase shift between the two polarized waves. The light waves exit the second crystal to a second polarizer producing a modulated light spectrum. A focusing element collects the light and transmits it down another fiber optic cable. The cable transmits the light to an opto-electronic interface where the fringe pattern is extracted and a computer compatible signal is generated for a CPU. The CPU performs a Fourier transform on the fringe pattern, where the phase term for a selected frequency is the measure of the environmental temperature experienced by the birefringent crystals.

Abstract translation: 一种用于温度检测器系统的光学温度传感器，其具有串联布置的至少两个双折射晶体元件。 准直的宽带光源通过光纤电缆，偏振器传输到第一双折射晶体元件。 第一晶体元件将光波分解为第一和第二正交极化波，并将波分量透射到第二双折射晶体元件。 线性偏振波通过双折射晶体传播，环境温度引入两个极化波之间的温度相关相移。 光波将第二晶体离开产生调制光谱的第二偏振片。 聚焦元件收集光并将其传输到另一根光纤电缆上。 电缆将光线传输到提取条纹图案的光电接口，并为CPU生成计算机兼容信号。 CPU对条纹图案进行傅立叶变换，其中所选频率的相位项是双折射晶体经历的环境温度的量度。

公开(公告)号：WO1997036131A1

公开(公告)日：1997-10-02

申请号：PCT/US1997004621

申请日：1997-03-21

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  HOU, Janpu ,  UNGER, Waltraud, Rosalie ,  KUPER, Jerry, Wayne

IPC: F21V05/02

CPC classification number: F21V5/002 ,  F21V7/0091 ,  F21V11/06 ,  F21V11/14 ,  F21V17/101 ,  F21Y2103/00 ,  F21Y2103/37 ,  F21Y2113/00 ,  F21Y2115/10 ,  G02F1/133605 ,  G02F2001/133507 ,  G02F2001/133607

Abstract: The light output of a back-coupled illumination system is improved by recycling reflected and misdirected light rays. A reflector (150) at the light source (112) and an array of microprisms (122) having reflective elements (160) therebetween efficiently redirect errant light rays to increase the total available light output and improve efficiency. Both specular and diffuse reflective materials may be used in combination to enhance light output.

Abstract translation: 后耦合照明系统的光输出通过反射和误导的光线的回收而得到改善。 在光源（112）处的反射器（150）和具有反射元件（160）的微棱镜阵列（122）之间有效地重新引导错误的光线以增加总的可用光输出并提高效率。 可以组合使用镜面反射材料和漫反射材料以增强光输出。

公开(公告)号：WO1996011358A1

公开(公告)日：1996-04-18

申请号：PCT/US1995014272

申请日：1995-10-10

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  HOU, Janpu ,  ZIMMERMAN, Scott, Moore ,  BEESON, Karl, Wayne

IPC: F21V08/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/0053 ,  F21V5/02

Abstract: An optical illumination system comprising a waveguide (16) that accepts light generated by a light source and transmits the light via total internal reflection. Attached on one face of the waveguide is an array of microprisms (28), with each microprism having a light input surface, a light output surface and at least one sidewall (33a) which is tilted at an angle rho from the direction normal to the surface of the waveguide (16) and further comprising at least two planar faces (31, 31a) such that light escapes from the waveguide (16), reflects off the tilted sidewalls (33a) and emerges from the microprism as a spatially directed light source. An array of microlenses may be positioned to accept the output of the microprisms (28) so that the light exiting from the microlenses is a substantially collimated light source. The optical illumination system is advantageous for any application that requires a non diffuse or substantially collimated light source that is both energy efficient and contained in a low profile assembly.

Abstract translation: 一种光学照明系统，包括：波导（16），其接收由光源产生的光并通过全内反射透射光。 附着在波导的一个面上的是微棱镜阵列（28），每个微棱镜具有光输入表面，光输出表面和至少一个侧壁（33a），该侧壁（33a）以垂直于 波导（16）的表面，并且还包括至少两个平面（31,31a），使得从波导（16）逸出的光从倾斜的侧壁（33a）反射并从微棱镜出射，作为空间定向的光源 。 微透镜阵列可以被定位成接受微棱镜（28）的输出，使得从微透镜出射的光是基本准直的光源。 光学照明系统对于需要能量有效并且包含在低轮廓组件中的非扩散或基本上准直的光源的任何应用是有利的。

公开(公告)号：WO1996030734A1

公开(公告)日：1996-10-03

申请号：PCT/US1996004058

申请日：1996-03-22

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  RAPOPORT, William, Ross ,  HOU, Janpu

IPC: G01L19/00

CPC classification number: G01L19/0092 ,  G01D5/344

Abstract: An integrated optical temperature and pressure sensor system that is birefringently biased. A broad band light source is transmitted via a fiber optic cable having a splitter, a collimator and a polarizer to a first birefringent bias element. The first birefringent element has a partially reflective coating to reflect back a portion of the light signal to the first polarizer to yield a first reflective modulated light that consists of temperature information irrespective of external forces. The non-reflected light continues to a second birefringent bias element. The second birefringent crystal provides additional birefringent bias to the light wave before the light wave enters an isotropic pressure sensor media. An external pressure applied to the sensor causes the light to experience stress-induced birefringence. The sensor comprises a highly reflective surface which redirects the light back through the sensor, both bias crystals and the polarizer to yield a second reflective modulated light spectrum. The splitter which directs a combined light spectrum comprising a portion of each reflected light spectrum to an optoelectronic interface where the intensity vs. wavelength signal is extracted by a CPU. The CPU performs a Fourier transform on the signal to reveal a first phase term at a selected frequency that relates to the temperature of the system and a second phase term at a different selected frequency that relates to the temperature of the system and the externally applied pressure on the sensor. Subtracting out the temperature term from the temperature and pressure term provides the pressure value.

Abstract translation: 双折射偏压的集成光学温度和压力传感器系统。 宽带光源通过具有分离器，准直器和偏振器的光纤电缆传输到第一双折射偏置元件。 第一双折射元件具有部分反射涂层，以将光信号的一部分反射回第一偏振器，以产生由温度信息组成的第一反射调制光，而不管外力如何。 非反射光继续到第二双折射偏置元件。 第二双折射晶体在光波进入各向同性压力传感器介质之前为光波提供额外的双折射偏压。 施加到传感器的外部压力导致光经历应力引起的双折射。 传感器包括高反射表面，其将光重定向通过传感器，偏置晶体和偏振器，以产生第二反射调制光谱。 分配器将包括每个反射光谱的一部分的组合光谱引导到光电接口，其中强度对波长信号由CPU提取。 CPU对信号进行傅立叶变换，以与系统的温度相关的选定频率显示第一相位项，并且以与系统的温度和外部施加的压力相关的不同的选定频率显示第二相位 在传感器上。 从温度和压力项中减去温度项提供压力值。

公开(公告)号：WO1997014942A1

公开(公告)日：1997-04-24

申请号：PCT/US1996016749

申请日：1996-10-18

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  GUALTIERI, Devlin, M. ,  HOU, Janpu ,  RAPOPORT, William, R. ,  VAN DE VAART, Herman

IPC: G01L01/24

CPC classification number: G01L1/241

Abstract: A birefringent bias is provided to an optical sensor by the addition of one or more single birefringent elements where the total birefringence-length product remains within the accepted tolerances of current devices. The bias provided by two or more elements is such that where each element has a birefringence, a dB/dT and a coefficient of thermal expansion term, the elements are arranged in tamdem so that the combined birefringence terms equal the required birefringence bias and the dB/dT and coefficient of thermal expansion terms effectively cancel.

Abstract translation: 通过添加一个或多个单双折射元件向光学传感器提供双折射偏置，其中总双折射长度乘积保持在当前器件的公认误差范围内。 由两个或更多个元件提供的偏压使得当每个元件具有双折射，dB / dT和热膨胀项的系数时，元件被布置在tamdem中，使得组合双折射项等于所需的双折射偏差和dB / dT和热膨胀系数有效地消除。

公开(公告)号：WO1995031672A1

公开(公告)日：1995-11-23

申请号：PCT/US1995004285

申请日：1995-04-07

Applicant: ALLIEDSIGNAL INC.

Inventor： ALLIEDSIGNAL INC. ,  ZIMMERMAN, Scott, Moore ,  BEESON, Karl, Wayne ,  HOU, Janpu ,  SCHWEYEN, John, Charles

IPC: F21V08/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/0053 ,  F21V5/02 ,  F21Y2103/00

Abstract: An optical illumination system comprising a waveguide (16) that accepts light generated by a diffuse light source (14) and transmits the light via total internal reflection. Attached on one face of the waveguide is an array of microprisms (90), with each microprism (90) having a light input surface (92) parallel to a light output surface (94) and at least two sidewalls (96, 98) tilted at an angle from the direction normal to the surface of the waveguide (16) such that light escapes from the waveguide, reflects off the tilted sidewalls (96, 98) and emerges from the microprism (90) as a spatially directed light source. An array of microlenses (80) may be positioned to accept the output of the microprisms (90) so that the light exiting from the microlenses (80) is a substantially collimated light source. The optical illumination system is advantageous for any application that requires a non diffuse or substantially collimated that is both energy efficient and contained in a low profile assembly.

Abstract translation: 一种光学照明系统，包括：波导（16），其接收由漫射光源（14）产生的光并通过全内反射透射光。 连接在波导的一个面上的是微棱镜阵列（90），每个微棱镜（90）具有平行于光输出表面（94）的光输入表面（92），并且至少两个侧壁（96,98）倾斜 与垂直于波导（16）表面的方向成一定角度，使得从波导中逸出的光从倾斜的侧壁（96,98）反射并作为空间定向的光源从微棱镜（90）出射。 可以将微透镜阵列（80）定位成接受微棱镜（90）的输出，使得从微透镜（80）射出的光是基本准直的光源。 光学照明系统对于需要非扩散或基本准直的任何应用都是有利的，其既能量效率又包含在低轮廓组件中。