Abstract:
A detector (110) for determining a position of at least one object (112) with regard to at least one optical sensor (120) is proposed, wherein the optical sensor (120) has an image plane (122). The detector (110) comprises: at least one illumination source (134), wherein the illumination source (134) emits at least one light beam (136), wherein the light beam (136) comprises a component which is parallel to the image plane (122) of the optical sensor (120); the optical sensor (120), wherein the optical sensor (120) has a sensor region (126) in the image plane (122), wherein the optical sensor (120) is adapted to determine a transversal component of the position of the object (112) in an event where the object (112) approaches the optical sensor (120) in a manner that light is scattered from the component of the light beam (136) conducted parallel to the image plane (122) of the optical sensor (120), the transversal component of the position being a position in the image plane (122) of the optical sensor (120), the optical sensor (120) being adapted to generate at least one transversal sensor signal from the light scattered from the component of the light beam (136) conducted parallel to the image plane (122) of the optical sensor (120) in the sensor region (126), wherein the optical sensor (120) is further designed to generate at least one longitudinal sensor signal in a manner dependent on an illumination of the sensor region (126) by light which is scattered from the component of the light beam (136) conducted parallel to the image plane (122) of the optical sensor (120), wherein the longitudinal sensor signal is dependent on a variation of an intensity of the light is scattered from the component of the light beam (136) conducted parallel to the image plane (122) of the optical sensor (120) in the sensor region (126); and an evaluation device (132), wherein the evaluation device (132) is designed to generate at least one item of information on a transversal component of a position of the object (112) by evaluating the transversal sensor signal and wherein the evaluation device (132) is further designed to generate at least one item of information on a longitudinal component of a position of the object (112) by evaluating the longitudinal sensor signal.
Abstract:
Disclosed is the use of compounds of general foRmula (I), wherein the variables have the meaning given in the description in dye-sensitized solar cells; to compounds of general formula (I'), wherein the variables have the meaning given in the description; to compounds of general formula (I"), wherein the variables have the meaning given in the description; to the use of compounds of general formula (II), in the case of q equal to 0 or 1 : as precursor compounds for the manufacture of compounds of general formula (I) and in the case of q equal to 1: as precursor compounds for the manufacture of compounds of general formula (I') wherein the remaining variables have the meaning given in the description; to compounds of general formula (III), wherein the variables have the meaning given in the description; to the use of compounds of general formula (I), (I') or (I") as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells; and to such dye-sensitized solar cells per se.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to 9,9'-spirobifluorene compounds of general formula I wherein the variables have the meaning R11, R12, R21, R22,R31, R32, R41 and R42 independently of each other aryl or hetaryl, S1, S2, S3 and S4 independently of each other &pgr;-conjugated, bivalent moieties, n1, n2, n3 and n4 independently of each other 0, 1, 2 or 3, with the proviso that n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 ≠ 0, in case n1 ≥ 2, n2 ≥ 2, n3 ≥ 2 and/or n4 ≥ 2 the moieties S1, S2, S3 and S4 are identical to or different from each other and in case n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 = 12 not all of the radicals R11, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32, R41 and R42 are identical, to the use of compounds of general formula I in organic electronics applications, especially in organic field effect transistors, in organic photodetectors and organic solar cells, specifically in dye-sensitized solar cells and bulk heterojunction solar cells, and to an organic field effect transistor, a dye-sensitized solar cell and a bulk heterojunction solar cell comprising compounds of general formula I.
Abstract:
The present invention relates 9,9'-spirobifluorene compounds of general formula (I) wherein the variables R11, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32, R41 and R42 independently of each other have the meaning of aryl or hetaryl, with the proviso that not all of the radicals R11, R12, R21, R22, R31, R32, R41 and R42 are identical, to the use of compounds of general formula I in organic electronics applications, especially in organic field effect transistors, in organic photodetectors and organic solar cells, specifically in dye-sensitized solar cells and bulk heterojunction solar cells, and to an organic field effect transistor, a dye-sensitized solar cell and a bulk heterojunction solar cell comprising compounds of general formula I.
Abstract:
Provided are compounds of general formula (I), the use for producing dye-sensitized solar cells and dye-sensitized solar cells comprising ompounds of formula (I).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a photoactive material comprising a donor substance and an acceptor substance, wherein the donor substance comprises or consists of one or more compounds of formula (I) described herein, or the acceptor substance comprises or consists of one or more compounds of formula (I) described herein, or the donor sub¬ stance comprises or consists of a first compound of formula (I) described herein and the acceptor substance comprises a second compound of formula (I) described herein with the proviso that the first and second compound are not the same, as well as to an organic solar cell comprising said photoactive material. The present invention also relates to a photoelectric conversion device comprising or consisting of two or more organic solar cells comprising said photoactive material and to compounds of formula (I) as described herein for use as donor substance or as acceptor substance in a photoactive material. Further, the present invention relates to the use of a compound of formula (III) as described herein in the synthesis of a compound of formula (I) as described herein.