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公开(公告)号：WO0237625A3
公开(公告)日：2002-09-26
申请号：PCT/US0147356
申请日：2001-11-06
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , PUTNAM MARTIN A , KRINGLEBOTN JON THOMAS , KERSEY ALAN D , SANDERS PAUL E
IPC: H01S3/063 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/08 , H01S3/1055
CPC classification number: H01S3/0675 , G02B6/022 , H01S3/0635 , H01S3/08009 , H01S3/1055
Abstract: A compression-tuned bragg grating-based laser includes a tunable optical element 20,600 which includes either an optical fiber 10 having at least one Bragg grating 12 impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube 20 or a large diameter waveguide grating 600 having a core and a wide cladding. Light 14 is incident on the grating 12 and light 16 is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The tunable element 20,600 is axially compressed which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the grating 12 without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a"dogbone" shape) and(or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber 10 or core 612 may be used. At least a portion of the element may be doped between a pair of gratings 150,152, to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating 12 or gratings 150,152 may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the element 20 may have an inner tapered region 22 or tapered (or fluted) sections 27. The compression may be done by a PZT, stepper motor, hydraulic device or other actuator.
Abstract translation: 压缩调谐基于布拉格光栅的激光器包括可调谐光学元件20,600，其包括具有至少一个印刷在其中的布拉格光栅12的光纤10，该光栅10被包裹在玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分中并且被熔合到玻璃毛细管20的至少一部分上， 波导光栅600具有一个芯和一个宽的包层。 光14入射到光栅12上，并且光16以反射波长λ1被反射。可调元件20,600被轴向压缩，这引起光栅12的反射波长的偏移而不使元件屈曲。 元件的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨形”），并且（或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或光栅对，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤10或芯612.至少一部分的 该元件可以被掺杂在一对光栅150,152之间以形成压缩调谐激光器，或者光栅12或光栅150,152可以被构造为可调DFB激光器。而且，元件20可以具有内锥形区域22或锥形 或凹槽）部分27.压缩可以通过PZT，步进电机，液压装置或其他致动器完成。
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公开(公告)号：WO0037976A8
公开(公告)日：2000-08-10
申请号：PCT/US9928813
申请日：1999-12-04
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： PUTNAM MARTIN A , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , FERNALD MARK R , WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER J
CPC classification number: G02B6/02133 , G02B2006/02161
Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (28) which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (120) and a substantially transparent index-matching medium (122), such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface (126) adjacent to the tube (120). A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) (124) is used between the window (22) and the tube (120) to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube (120) and the medium (122). A pair of writing beams (26, 34) are incident on and pass through the medium (122), the tube (120) and intersect and interfere in a region (30) on the fiber (28). Also, the width (Wb) of the writing beams (26,34) may be set to be less than the width (Woil) of the intermediate material (124) to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube (120). Alternatively, the medium (122) may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube (120). More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers (28, 250) encased in the tube (120). Further, high intensity writing beams (26, 34) on the fiber (28) may be achieved by having the medium (122) have a predetermined thickness (T).
Abstract translation: 用于形成管封装光纤光栅的方法和装置包括：光纤（28），其被包裹在玻璃毛细管（120）和基本上透明的折射率匹配介质（122）的至少一部分内并且熔合到其中， 例如光学平面窗口，其具有与管（120）相邻的光学平坦表面（126）。 在窗（22）和管（120）之间使用基本上透明的折射率匹配中间材料（例如UV透明油）（124），以基本上消除管（120）和介质（122）之间的界面。 一对书写光束（26,34）入射并通过介质（122），管（120）并交叉并干涉在光纤（28）上的区域（30）中。 此外，书写光束（26,34）的宽度（Wb）可以设定为小于中间材料（124）的宽度（Woil），以消除管（120）的表面损伤（烧蚀）。 或者，介质（122）可以具有消除表面消融（例如，套环形状）和/或匹配管（120）的形状的几何形状。 可以将多于一个的光栅或一对光栅写入管封装的光纤中，或者一个或多个光栅可以形成在封装在管（120）中的多个光纤（28,250）中。 此外，纤维（28）上的高强度书写光束（26,34）可以通过使介质（122）具有预定厚度（T）来实现。
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公开(公告)号：WO0037969A3
公开(公告)日：2000-11-16
申请号：PCT/US9928999
申请日：1999-12-06
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , KERSEY ALAN D , PUTNAM MARTIN A , SANDERS PAUL E
CPC classification number: G02B6/022 , G02B6/0218 , G02F1/0115 , G02F1/0128 , G02F2201/307
Abstract: A compression-tuned Bragg grating includes a tunable optical element 20, 600 which includes either an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (20) or a large diameter waveguide grating (600) having a core and a wide cladding. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The tunable element 20, 600 is axially compressed which causes a shift in the reflection wavelength of the grating (12) without buckling the element. The shape of the element may be other geometries (e.g., a "dogbone" shape) and/or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used and more than one fiber (10) or core (612) may be used. At least a portion of the element may be doped between a pair of gratings (150, 152), to form a compression-tuned laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB laser. Also, the element (20) may have an inner tapered region (22) or tapered (or fluted) sections (27). The compression may be done by a PZT, stepper motor or other actuator or fluid pressure.
Abstract translation: 压缩调谐布拉格光栅包括可调谐光学元件20,600，其包括具有印刷在其中的至少一个布拉格光栅（12）的光纤（10），该布拉格光栅封装在玻璃毛细管（20）的至少一部分内并且被熔合到玻璃毛细管 ）或具有芯和宽包层的大直径波导光栅（600）。 光（14）入射到光栅（12）上，光（16）以反射波长λ1反射。可调谐元件20,600被轴向压缩，这导致光栅（12）的反射波长的偏移而没有 扣住元素。 元件的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅，并且可以使用多于一个的光纤（10）或芯（612）。 元件的至少一部分可以掺杂在一对光栅（150,152）之间，以形成压缩调谐的激光器，或者光栅（12）或光栅（150,152）可被构造为可调DFB激光器。 此外，元件（20）可以具有内锥形区域（22）或锥形（或槽形）部分（27）。 压缩可以由PZT，步进电机或其他致动器或流体压力来完成。
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公开(公告)号：WO0037914A9
公开(公告)日：2001-03-29
申请号：PCT/US9928868
申请日：1999-12-06
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DUNPHY JAMES R , DAVIS MICHAEL A , KERSEY ALAN D , WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER J , PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , SANDERS PAUL E
CPC classification number: G01L11/025
Abstract: A fiber grating pressure sensor includes an optical sensing element (20, 600) which includes an optical fiber (10) having a Bragg grating (12) impressed therein which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (20) and/or a large diameter waveguide grating (600) having a core and a wide cladding and which has an outer transverse dimension of at least 0.3 mm. Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected from the grating (12) at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The sensing element (20, 600) may be used by itself as a sensor or located within a housing (48, 60, 90, 270, 300). When external pressure P increases, the grating (12) is compressed and the reflection wavelength lambda 1 changes.
Abstract translation: 光纤光栅压力传感器包括光学传感元件（20,600），光学传感元件（20,600）包括其中印有布拉格光栅（12）的光纤（10），其被封装在玻璃毛细管（20）的至少一部分内 ）和/或具有芯和宽包层并且具有至少0.3mm的外横向尺寸的大直径波导光栅（600）。 光（14）入射到光栅（12）上，光（16）以反射波长λ1从光栅（12）反射。感测元件（20,600）可以自身用作传感器或定位 在一个房屋内（48,60,90,270,300）。 当外部压力P增加时，光栅（12）被压缩，反射波长λ1改变。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：WO0037976A3
公开(公告)日：2001-02-22
申请号：PCT/US9928813
申请日：1999-12-04
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： PUTNAM MARTIN A , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , FERNALD MARK R , WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER J
CPC classification number: G02B6/02133 , G02B2006/02161
Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (28) which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (120) and a substantially transparent index-matching medium (122), such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface (126) adjacent to the tube (120). A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) (124) is used between the window (22) and the tube (120) to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube (120) and the medium (122). A pair of writing beams (26, 34) are incident on and pass through the medium (122), the tube (120) and intersect and interfere in a region (30) on the fiber (28). Also, the width (Wb) of the writing beams (26,34) may be set to be less than the width (Woil) of the intermediate material (124) to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube (120). Alternatively, the medium (122) may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube (120). More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers (28, 250) encased in the tube (120). Further, high intensity writing beams (26, 34) on the fiber (28) may be achieved by having the medium (122) have a predetermined thickness (T).
Abstract translation: 用于形成管封装光纤光栅的方法和装置包括：光纤（28），其被包裹在玻璃毛细管（120）和基本上透明的折射率匹配介质（122）的至少一部分内并且熔合到其中， 例如光学平面窗口，其具有与管（120）相邻的光学平坦表面（126）。 在窗（22）和管（120）之间使用基本上透明的折射率匹配中间材料（例如UV透明油）（124），以基本上消除管（120）和介质（122）之间的界面。 一对书写光束（26,34）入射并通过介质（122），管（120）并交叉并干涉在光纤（28）上的区域（30）中。 此外，书写光束（26,34）的宽度（Wb）可以设定为小于中间材料（124）的宽度（Woil），以消除管（120）的表面损伤（烧蚀）。 或者，介质（122）可以具有消除表面消融（例如，套环形状）和/或匹配管（120）的形状的几何形状。 可以将多于一个的光栅或一对光栅写入管封装的光纤中，或者一个或多个光栅可以形成在封装在管（120）中的多个光纤（28,250）中。 此外，纤维（28）上的高强度书写光束（26,34）可以通过使介质（122）具有预定厚度（T）来实现。
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公开(公告)号：WO0167142A3
公开(公告)日：2002-02-28
申请号：PCT/US0105644
申请日：2001-02-22
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： SULLIVAN JAMES M , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , BRUCATO ROBERT N , ENGEL THOMAS W , FERNALD MARK R , JONES RICHARD T , KERSEY ALAN D , MACDOUGALL TREVOR , MILLER MATTHEW B , PUTNAM MARTIN A , SANDERS PAUL E , SIRKIS JAMES S
CPC classification number: G02F1/0115 , G02B6/0218 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/1028
Abstract: A temperature compensated optical device includes a compression-tuned glass element (10) having a Bragg grating (12) therein, a compensating material spacer (26) and an end cap (28) all held within an outer shell (30). The element (10), end cap (28) and shell (30) are made of a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), e.g., silica, quartz, etc. And the spacer (26) is made of a material having a higher CTE, e.g. metal Pyrex3, ceramic, etc. The material and length L5 of the spacer (26) is selected to offset the upward grating wavelength shift due to temperature. As temperature rises, the spacer (26) expands faster than the silica structure causing a compressive strain to be exerted on the element (10), which shifts the wavelength of the grating (12) down to balance the intrinsic temperature induces wavelength shift up. As a result, the grating (12) wavelength is substantially unchanged over a wide temperature range. The element (10) includes either an optical fiber having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube or a large diameter waveguide (or cane) with a grating (12) having a core (11) and a wide cladding, which does not buckle over a large range of compressive axial strains. The element may have a "dogbone" shape to amplify compressive strain on the grating (12). The device (8) may also be placed in an axially tunable system that allows the wavelength to be dynamically tuned while remaining athermal. In addition to a grating, the device may be an athermal laser, DFB laser, etc. Also, the entire device (8) may be all made of monolithic glass materials.
Abstract translation: 温度补偿光学器件包括其中具有布拉格光栅（12）的压缩调谐玻璃元件（10），补偿材料间隔物（26）和端盖（28），其全部保持在外壳（30）内。 元件（10），端帽（28）和壳体（30）由具有低热膨胀系数（CTE）的材料制成，例如二氧化硅，石英等。并且间隔件（26）由 具有较高CTE的材料，例如 金属Pyrex3，陶瓷等。选择间隔物（26）的材料和长度L5以抵消由于温度引起的向上的光栅波长偏移。 随着温度升高，间隔物（26）比二氧化硅结构膨胀得快，导致施加在元件（10）上的压缩应变，其使光栅（12）的波长向下移动以平衡本征温度，从而引起波长向上移动。 结果，光栅（12）波长在宽的温度范围内基本上不变。 元件（10）包括具有至少一个布拉格光栅（12）的光纤，该光纤封装在玻璃毛细管或具有光栅（12）的玻璃毛细管或大直径波导（或甘蔗）的至少一部分内并且被熔化） 具有芯（11）和宽包层，其在大范围的压缩轴向应变下不扣合。 元件可以具有“狗骨”形状以放大光栅（12）上的压缩应变。 设备（8）也可以放置在轴向可调谐系统中，该系统允许波长被动态地调谐而保持不燃。 除了光栅之外，该器件可以是无热激光器，DFB激光器等。此外，整个器件（8）可以全部由单片玻璃材料制成。
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公开(公告)号：WO0039617A9
公开(公告)日：2001-07-12
申请号：PCT/US9928865
申请日：1999-12-06
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , OGLE PETER , KERSEY ALAN D , PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , SANDERS PAUL E
CPC classification number: G02B6/022 , G02B6/0218
Abstract: A tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein which is embedded within a glass capillary tube (20). Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The shape of the tube (20) may be other geometries (e.g., a "dogbone" shape) and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used. The fiber (10) may be doped at least between a pair of gratings (150, 152), encased in the tube (20) to form a tube-encased compression-tuned fiber laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser encased in the tube (20). Also, the tube (20) may have an inner region (22) which is tapered away from the fiber (10) to provide strain relief for the fiber (10), or the tube (20) may have tapered (or fluted) sections (27) which have an outer geometry that decreases down to the fiber (10) and provides added fiber pull strength. Also, the tube encased grating (12) exhibits lower mode coupling from the fiber core to the cladding modes due to the increased diameter of the cladding where the tube (20) is fused to the fiber (10) where the grating is located (12).
Abstract translation: 管封装的光纤光栅包括一个光纤（10），该光纤（10）内嵌有至少一个布拉格光栅（12），嵌入玻璃毛细管（20）内。 光（14）入射到光栅（12）上，光（16）以反射波长λ1反射。管（20）的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如，“狗骨”形状）和/或 可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅。 光纤（10）可以至少掺杂在一对封装在管（20）中的一对光栅（150,152）之间以形成管封装的压缩调谐光纤激光器或光栅（12）或光栅（150） 152）可以被构造为封装在管（20）中的可调DFB光纤激光器。 此外，管（20）可以具有从纤维（10）逐渐变细的内部区域（22），以为纤维（10）提供应变消除，或者管（20）可以具有锥形（或凹槽）部分 （27），其具有向下延伸到纤维（10）的外部几何形状并且提供附加的纤维拉力。 此外，由于包层的直径增加，其中管（20）熔合到光栅所在的光纤（10），管封装光栅（12）表现出从光纤芯到包层模式的较低模式耦合（12 ）。
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公开(公告)号：WO0039617A3
公开(公告)日：2001-05-10
申请号：PCT/US9928865
申请日：1999-12-06
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： FERNALD MARK R , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , OGLE PETER , KERSEY ALAN D , PUTNAM MARTIN A , BRUCATO ROBERT N , SANDERS PAUL E
CPC classification number: G02B6/022 , G02B6/0218
Abstract: A tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (10) having at least one Bragg grating (12) impressed therein which is embedded within a glass capillary tube (20). Light (14) is incident on the grating (12) and light (16) is reflected at a reflection wavelength lambda 1. The shape of the tube (20) may be other geometries (e.g., a "dogbone" shape) and/or more than one concentric tube may be used or more than one grating or pair of gratings may be used. The fiber (10) may be doped at least between a pair of gratings (150, 152), encased in the tube (20) to form a tube-encased compression-tuned fiber laser or the grating (12) or gratings (150, 152) may be constructed as a tunable DFB fiber laser encased in the tube (20). Also, the tube (20) may have an inner region (22) which is tapered away from the fiber (10) to provide strain relief for the fiber (10), or the tube (20) may have tapered (or fluted) sections (27) which have an outer geometry that decreases down to the fiber (10) and provides added fiber pull strength. Also, the tube encased grating (12) exhibits lower mode coupling from the fiber core to the cladding modes due to the increased diameter of the cladding where the tube (20) is fused to the fiber (10) where the grating is located (12).
Abstract translation: 一种套管式光纤光栅包括一个光纤（10），该光纤具有至少一个压入其中的布拉格光栅（12），其嵌入玻璃毛细管（20）内。 光（14）入射到光栅（12）上并且光（16）以反射波长λ1被反射。管（20）的形状可以是其他几何形状（例如“狗骨”形状）和/或 可以使用多于一个的同心管，或者可以使用多于一个的光栅或一对光栅。 光纤（10）可以至少在一对光栅（150,152）之间被掺杂，被封装在管（20）中以形成管封装的压缩调谐光纤激光器或光栅（12）或光栅（150,150） 152）可以被构造为封装在管（20）中的可调谐DFB光纤激光器。 而且，管20可以具有远离纤维10逐渐变细的内部区域22以为纤维10提供应力消除，或者管20可以具有渐缩（或凹槽）部分 （27），其具有减小到纤维（10）的外部几何形状并提供增加的纤维拉伸强度。 另外，由于包层的直径增大，管（20）熔合到光栅（10）的光栅所在的位置（12），管封闭光栅（12）呈现出从光纤芯到包层模的较低模耦合 ）。
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公开(公告)号：WO0037976A9
公开(公告)日：2000-12-07
申请号：PCT/US9928813
申请日：1999-12-04
Applicant: CIDRA CORP
Inventor： PUTNAM MARTIN A , BAILEY TIMOTHY J , MILLER MATTHEW B , SULLIVAN JAMES M , DAVIS MICHAEL A , FERNALD MARK R , WRIGHT CHRISTOPHER J
CPC classification number: G02B6/02133 , G02B2006/02161
Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a tube-encased fiber grating includes an optical fiber (28) which is encased within and fused to at least a portion of a glass capillary tube (120) and a substantially transparent index-matching medium (122), such as an optically flat window, having an optically flat surface (126) adjacent to the tube (120). A substantially transparent index-matching intermediate material (e.g., UV transparent oil) (124) is used between the window (22) and the tube (120) to substantially eliminate the interface between the tube (120) and the medium (122). A pair of writing beams (26, 34) are incident on and pass through the medium (122), the tube (120) and intersect and interfere in a region (30) on the fiber (28). Also, the width (Wb) of the writing beams (26,34) may be set to be less than the width (Woil) of the intermediate material (124) to eliminate surface damage (ablations) of the tube (120). Alternatively, the medium (122) may have a geometry to eliminate surface ablations (e.g., a collar shape) and/or to match the shape of the tube (120). More than one grating or pair of gratings may be written in the tube-encased fiber or one or more gratings may be formed in multiple fibers (28, 250) encased in the tube (120). Further, high intensity writing beams (26, 34) on the fiber (28) may be achieved by having the medium (122) have a predetermined thickness (T).
Abstract translation: 一种用于形成套管式光纤光栅的方法和设备，包括：包封在玻璃毛细管（120）和基本上透明的折射率匹配介质（122）的至少一部分内并与之熔合的光纤（28） 如光学平坦的窗口，其具有与管（120）相邻的光学平坦表面（126）。 在窗口（22）和管（120）之间使用基本上透明的折射率匹配中间材料（例如UV透明油）（124）以基本上消除管（120）和介质（122）之间的界面。 一对写入光束（26,34）入射并穿过介质（122），管（120）并与光纤（28）上的区域（30）相交并干涉。 而且，书写射束（26,34）的宽度（Wb）可以设定为小于中间材料（124）的宽度（Woil）以消除管（120）的表面损伤（烧蚀）。 或者，介质（122）可具有消除表面消融（例如，套环形状）和/或与管（120）的形状匹配的几何形状。 多于一个的光栅或一对光栅可以被写入管封装的光纤中，或者一个或多个光栅可以被形成在被封装在管（120）中的多个光纤（28,250）中。 此外，纤维（28）上的高强度写入光束（26,34）可以通过使介质（122）具有预定厚度（T）来实现。
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