Abstract:
The irrigation emitter (1) of the present invention is inserted and welded in the interior of a drip irrigation pipe (2) during production thereof. It has a number of protrusions (8) arranged in a row emerging from a solid flat part/base (6) of the outer convex surface (7) of the emitter (1). The pipe (2) is locally swollen, covers and is welded both on the protrusions (8) and on their base (6), so that a unified welded assembly is formed between protrusions (8) and the pipe. The water outlets (10) are typically and preferably formed between the prismatic protrusions (8) by cutting off the tips of the protrusions (8) during passage of the drip irrigation pipe in a continuously rotating concave fraise (35) located at the end of the production line. Cutting takes place after the pipe has passed through a system of successive pairs of concave and convex rollers which squeeze it, stretch it and make it rigid, maintaining it in an flattened convex and bent form.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a composite solar tower- chimney composed of the cylinder (1) positioned at the centre of a covered greenhouse (8). A central solar boiler (2) -which is sufficiently elevated from the ground and set outside, on the periphery of the cylinder- gathers the radiation of a great number of two-axis heliostats (7) and produces steam capable of setting into motion the power-generating steam turbine; the rejected steam is utilised for the operation of a conventional ground distillation plant. Additional power i generated by the water turbine (32) actuated by the additional desalinated water or by liquid solutions flowing back by gravity to the base structure of the solar tower-chimney.
Abstract:
The hybrid emitter of low discharge for water or solutions is inserted and welded into a pipe (2) during the production phase. The hybrid emitter bears at its convex and cylindrical surface (24) local protrusions (45) that are covered completely from the pipe (2) which is swelled locally. The water exits preferably from two nozzles (44) that are created within the protrusions (45) by the cutting-off of the tips, which protrusions protrude and after cutting-off, said nozzles eject the water almost cross-wise to two opposite directions and at short discrete distances left and right of the pipe. Method for welding of emitters and accessories into a pipe (2) where the emitter or the hybrid one (14,40) with or without protrusions (18,45) on the outer surface (24), are inserted into the pipe (2) during its production phase. The hybrid emitter (14,40) is compressed by two elastic wheels (20) with their shafts drawing an angle -between them of 45° to 90°, that are positioned externally of the extruded pipe (2) and rotate with the peripheral velocity V of the extrusion been driven by an independent motor. The cutting-off of the tips is performed by rotating fraises (77) that bear teeth-blades with circular and conical cutting profile. The form of the pipe is maintained cylindrical during the cutting-off by arrays of concave and cylindrical rollers arranged under a 120° angle covering the entire periphery.
Abstract:
Cylindrical emitter (3) with water filter welded into a pipe (2) with the filter in the internal concave surface of the emitter comprising a collection channel (4) positioned at an arc of large magnitude incorporating considerable number of orthogonal openings (5) formed by the side walls (11) of shallow channels (12) that cross perpendicularly the collection channel (4).
Abstract:
Horizontal axis W/T of low wind speeds of propeller type, bearing a main rotor of three blades (1), while in the space between two successive blades (1) and diametrically opposite to the third, an additional 4th blade (2) also of propeller type but of significantly longer length, is interposed. This additional blade (2) is not permanently coupled but selectively engaged in the system of the W/T at low wind speeds, contributing to the startup and enhancing the energy production. The blade (2) bears diametrically opposite a counterweight (15) to balance the forces developed, and rotates in a plane parallel to the main rotor. The coupling of the blade (2) is preferably made at the stand-by state or at low wind speed operation of the W/T, while the uncoupling will be performed during operating state and at the rated power. The blade (2) after uncoupling, gets in vertical position and remains immobilized attached to the tower (3).
Abstract:
The irrigation emitter (1) of the present invention is inserted and welded in the interior of a drip irrigation pipe (2) during production thereof. It has a number of protrusions (8) arranged in a row emerging from a solid flat part/base (6) of the outer convex surface (7) of the emitter (1). The pipe (2) is locally swollen, covers and is welded both on the protrusions (8) and on their base (6), so that a unified welded assembly is formed between protrusions (8) and the pipe. The water outlets (10) are typically and preferably formed between the prismatic protrusions (8) by cutting off the tips of the protrusions (8) during passage of the drip irrigation pipe in a continuously rotating concave fraise (35) located at the end of the production line. Cutting takes place after the pipe has passed through a system of successive pairs of concave and convex rollers which squeeze it, stretch it and make it rigid, maintaining it in an flattened convex and bent form.
Abstract:
Cylindrical emitter (3) with water filter welded into a pipe (2) with the filter in the internal concave surface of the emitter comprising a collection channel (4) positioned at an arc of large magnitude incorporating considerable number of orthogonal openings (5) formed by the side walls (11) of shallow channels (12) that cross perpendicularly the collection channel (4).
Abstract:
Method of insertion and welding of an emitter (4) in a drip irrigation pipe (1) during the manufacturing thereof. The emitters bear protrusions (5) with the possibility of cutting off of the protrusions and parts of the pipe which cover them, creating the water outlet openings. The emitters are inserted in a row into the interior of the pipe and preferably in a system of two vacuum baths with fix calibrators bearing slots and openings (11, 11a, 13, 27) for the swelling of the pipe, the welding of the emitter and its protrusions (5), occurred in three discrete phases, supported by an elastic wheel (14) : a) The protrusions (5) of the emitter insert in to the clearance (11,11a) between the two parallel bars (24) swelling the walls of the pipe. b) The emitter with the pipe moves horizontally compressed between the elastic wheel (14) and the internal rod (6,6a) and welds into the pipe. c) The pipe with the welded emitter passes, supported by the elastic wheel (14), through a longitudinal slot (27,13) where a bilateral compression exerts onto the swollen walls of the pipe.
Abstract:
A lateral union base (31, 17) for receiving water from a lateral irrigation pipe (2), which is employed for the connection and supply of distributors (3, 4). It consists of a curved surface (20) of very limited dimensions with an elevated protrusion (d4) preferably in the form of a tip (32) with a closed or open bottom. The bases (31, 17) are incorporated in the interior of the lateral irrigation pipe (2) at predefined distances by the method of simple extrusion during manufacturing of the pipe (2) and are covered by the pipe (2) which is swollen and protrudes locally at the welding areas. For the connection of the distributors (3, 4) which have a coupling nipple portion of respective form, a hole is opened on the pipe (2) at the area of the local swelling (d4). The distributor (3, 4) with its respective end (14,15) is inserted by applying radial pressure and is fixed in the interior of the socket (19) of the base (31, 17).
Abstract:
A multi-stage system for low-enthalpy desalination which consists of serially connected evaporators (lv) consisting of condensers (cv) arranged on a single level at the top of a tower (40), their respective evaporation chambers (ev) being arranged at progressively lower levels and connected to the condensers (cv) via vertical air ducts (2v) of progressively increasing height. The system is based on the violent/flash boiling of seawater which has been heated to a temperature slightly lower than the boiling point, and introduced in an environment of lower pressure. Passive vacuum is employed, which is generated by applying atmospheric pressure and gravity. Pressure stepping-up (pv) is achieved by progressive increase in the volume of the evaporators. Air removal is achieved by the dynamic vacuum generated in ejectors (12, 13a, 13b) which employ the produced desalinated water and the discharged brine as auxiliary medium.