Abstract:
Examples of methods are described. In some examples, a method includes dispensing, during a printing procedure, a thermochromic dye on a layer of material in a build volume. In some examples, the method includes detecting, after the printing procedure, a temperature in an aural region of an object in the build volume based on a color of the thermochromic dye.
Abstract:
Examples of apparatuses for agent map generation are described. In some examples, an apparatus includes a memory to store a layer image. In some examples, the apparatus includes a processor coupled to the memory. In some examples, the processor is to generate, using a machine learning model, an agent map based on the layer image.
Abstract:
Examples of a cosmetic agent are for three-dimensional (3D) printing. In an example, the cosmetic agent includes a dye, an oxidizing agent, and a solvent. The oxidizing agent is to react with an antioxidant in a build material to reduce reduction of the dye in the presence of the antioxidant.
Abstract:
A method of forming a three-dimensional object includes non-deterministically generating halftone data for portions of a slice of three-dimensional model data of the three-dimensional object that overlap with a previous slice. The non-deterministically generating halftone data may comprise using randomized initialization for each slice of a three-dimensional object.
Abstract:
An example of a penetrating agent for a three-dimensional (3D) printing process includes a surfactant blend, a co-solvent, a humectant present in an amount ranging from about 2 wt% to about 10 wt%, based on a total weight of the penetrating agent, and a balance of water. The surfactant blend includes a first non-ionic surfactant having a first hydrophilic chain length, a second non-ionic surfactant, wherein the second non-ionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of a polyether siloxane and an alkoxylated alcohol, and an anionic surfactant.
Abstract:
In an example, a method includes receiving object model data describing at least a portion of an object to be generated by additive manufacturing. Object generation instructions for generating the object in its entirety may be derived based on the object model data. Where it is determined that the object model data comprises a data deficiency for deriving the object generation instructions, at least one attribute for the object may be inferred and object generation instructions may be derived based on the object model data and the inferred attribute.
Abstract:
In a 3D printing method example, color is added to a part. A build material is applied, and is pre-heated to a temperature ranging from about 50C to about 400C. A black ink, including an infrared absorbing colorant, is selectively applied on at least a portion of the build material. A white ink, including a white colorant that is opaque in visible wavelengths and is transparent to infrared wavelengths, is selectively applied on the black ink. A colored ink, including a colorant having a color other than black or white, is selectively applied on the white ink. The build material and the applied inks are then exposed to infrared radiation. The black ink at least partially fuses the portion of the build material in contact therewith. At least some of the white colorant and the colorant are embedded in the at least partially fused portion at a surface thereof.
Abstract:
An example of a three-dimensional (3D) printing kit includes a build material composition and a fusing agent to be applied to at least a portion of the build material composition during 3D printing. The build material composition includes a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer having a surface energy density greater than 41 mN/m. The fusing agent includes an energy absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation to coalesce the semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer in the at least the portion.
Abstract:
An example of an anti-coalescing agent for a three-dimensional (3D) printing process includes a vehicle and an anti-coalescing polymer dispersed in the vehicle. The vehicle includes a co-solvent, a surfactant, a humectant, and water. The anti-coalescing polymer has a mean particle size ranging from about 50 nm to about 195 nm, and the anti-coalescing polymer is to coat polymeric build material particles to prevent the polymeric build material particles from coalescing during electromagnetic radiation exposure of the 3D printing process.
Abstract:
An agent distributor may be to selectively deliver agent at a first contone density and at a second contone density different from the first contone density respectively onto an interior portion and a surface portion of successive layers of build material in respective first and second patterns in accordance with data representing a threedimensional object to be generated, so that the build material is to solidify to form slices of the three-dimensional object in accordance with the first and second patterns, and so that the three-dimensional object is to achieve a target surface roughness as a result of the second contone density of the second pattern.