Abstract:
A composition for pretreating landfill leachate on mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) evaporation process by which Mg, Ca and ammonia are efficiently removed is provided. The composition comprises 0.2–2 weight-% of cationic polymer, 5–80 weight-% of sodium and/or potassium phosphate, 5–40 weight-% of saccharide, and 5–40 weight-% of sodium and/or potassium carbonate, calculated from the total weight of the constituents in the composition, as dry. A method for pretreating landfill leachate on MVR evaporation process is provided. The composition is added to the landfill leachate prior to conveying the landfill leachate to the evaporation system.
Abstract:
A typical dispersant comprises a copolymer of phosphono and carboxylic acid, at least 5-weight-% of a terpolymer consisting of (meth) acrylic acid and maleic acid monomers or their salts, at least 10 weight-% of acrylic acid-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid copolymer (AA/AMPS), and at least 5-weight-% of at least one monomeric or polymeric phosphonate comprising at least one phosphonic acid group, or its salt (s). Use of the dispersant and a method for controlling, preventing and/or reducing the formation inorganic scale and/or deposits in an aqueous system are provided.
Abstract:
Provided is a composition for controlling, preventing and/or reducing the formation of inorganic scale and/or deposits in an aqueous system. The composition comprises a copolymer of phosphinic acid and (meth) acrylic acid or its salt (s), a polycarboxylic acid or its salt (s), at least one monomeric phosphonate comprising phosphonic acid groups, at least one corrosion inhibitor comprising amine groups, and at least one chelating agent. Further disclosed is use of the composition in an aqueous system having water hardness as calcium carbonate in the range of 50–1500 ppm.
Abstract:
Composition for stabilizing iron compounds in an aqueous environment, which comprises a polycarboxylic acid or its salt (s), at least one monomeric or polymeric phosphonate comprising at least one phosphonic acid group, or its salt (s), at least one corrosion inhibitor comprising amino groups, and 1 -15 weight-%of polycitric acid or a copolymer of citric acid with polyols or glycerol, calculated as active ingredient from the total weight of the constituents in the composition, as dry.
Abstract:
Disclosed are an aqueous emulsion of discrete droplets of polymer dispersed in a continuous water phase and the use of the emulsion.The emulsion comprises at least 3 weight-% of at least one hydrophobic (meth)acrylate polymer, at least 0.01 weight-% of hydrophobic microparticles, preferably silica based particles, at least 1 weight-% of at least one surfactant, and at least 40 weight-% of water, which forms the continuous phase of the emulsion.