Abstract:
Переработка отработанных солянокислых растворов травления, содержащих хлориды железа (II) и/или хлориды железа (III), включает стадию гидролиза раствора и стадию извлечения твердого оксида железа с конденсацией хлористого водорода. Гидролиз раствора проводят при температуре от 200 до 250°С, после чего раствор после стадии гидролиза выдерживают в течение не более 180 мин. Перед стадией извлечения твердого оксида железа проводят охлаждение раствора путем самоиспарения со скоростью 10-15°C до температуры 20-90°C, после чего производят отделение твердого оксида железа из жидкости. Изобретение позволяет обеспечить экономию тепловой энергии, необходимую для проведения процесса регенерации травильного раствора, сократить количество технологических операций, осуществить возврат регенерационной кислоты в процесс, а также получить мелкодисперсный оксид железа.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a pickling process carried out in a pickling tank (11). Pickling solution comprising hydrochloric acid containing ferric chloride is removed from the pickling tank (11) hydrochloric acid is added to the pickling tank. The removed solution (12) is treated with sulphuric acid (22) to obtain a solution (24) comprising regenerated hydrochloric acid containing ferrous sulphate; obtaining a ferrous sulphate precipitate product (34); and recycling regenerated hydrochloric acid solution (16) to the pickling tank (11).
Abstract:
Composition for stabilizing iron compounds in an aqueous environment, which comprises a polycarboxylic acid or its salt (s), at least one monomeric or polymeric phosphonate comprising at least one phosphonic acid group, or its salt (s), at least one corrosion inhibitor comprising amino groups, and 1 -15 weight-%of polycitric acid or a copolymer of citric acid with polyols or glycerol, calculated as active ingredient from the total weight of the constituents in the composition, as dry.
Abstract:
An energy storage device comprising a cathode comprising: (i) an Fe source; (ii) at least one sulfur species and (iii) NaCl, wherein the mol percent of S is less than 10, based on the total moles of (i), (ii) and (iii).
Abstract:
Phosphorus containing material is treated with mineral acid to form a leach-solution (7) comprising of trivalent aluminum, phosphorus and optionally trivalent iron. Aluminum and possibly iron is extracted by adsorbing in a scavenger (22) having an affinity for cations and by releasing aluminum and iron into a strip-solution during regeneration. The regeneration is performed with hydrochloric acid (31). Anionic metal chloride complexes are extracted from the hydrochloric acid strip-solution (32) by adsorbing in a scavenger (42) having affinity for anionic metal chlorides. Metal chlorides are recovered from the loaded scavenger (46) by elution with water (49). Gaseous hydrogen chloride (38) is added to the raffinate (33) from the metal chloride extraction. Crystalline aluminum chloride hexahydrate (37) is separated. The hydrochloric acid strip-solution (31) is recycled and used for stripping a scavenger (26) loaded with aluminum and/or iron. The depleted ash leach-solution (9) is treated for phosphorus recovery and preferably reused for dissolution of a phosphorus containing material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing elemental halides, which is characterized in that during a first step, a mixture consisting of a material containing the corresponding element and of carbon or carbon-containing material is produced, and this mixture is brought into contact with a halogen, hydrogen halide or mixtures thereof, which are all gaseous under the reaction conditions, and is then heated. The supply of energy ensues via an electromagnetic alternating field.
Abstract:
Production of an aqueous solution of ferric chloride which can be produced in various concentrations and therefore subsequently used for different purposes. The ferric chloride solution is produced in an array of three reaction chambers. In the first chamber (C1) a mainly ferrous chloride containing solution reacts under a chlorine atmosphere with a heated solid iron surface to increase its concentration. A second chamber (C2) then neutralizes the pre-concentrated ferrous/ferric chloride solution, which contains small amounts of hydrochloric acid. The third and final reaction chamber (C3) ensures the transformation of ferrous-into ferric chloride solution by the reaction of ferrous chloride under a chlorine atmosphere until the product achieves the final quality of its desired application.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Abtrennung von werthaltigen Metallchloriden, insbesondere Titantetrachlorid und Niobpentachlorid, aus festen Rückständen, die bei der Chlorierung von Eisen-Titan-haltigen Rohstoffen im Rahmen der Titandioxidherstellung (Chloridverfahren) anfallen und beruht auf dem Prinzip der Verdampfung bzw. Sublimierung und der Resublimierung der Metallchloride. Die festen Rückstände werden zunächst erhitzt und die anhaftenden werthaltigen Metallchloride verdampft bzw. sublimiert. Hierbei können Temperatur und Druck bzw. Partialdruck so eingestellt werden, dass eine weitgehend selektive Verdampfung der werthaltigen Metallchloride erfolgt. Anschließend werden die verdampften/sublimierten Metallchloride mit einem trockenen und chemisch inerten Trägergas zu einer Kühlvorrichtung transportiert und auf den gekühlten Oberflächen durch Resublimation abgeschieden. Die Abscheidung kann vorzugsweise ebenfalls selektiv erfolgen und orientiert sich dann beispielsweise an den Dampfdruckkurven der reinen Stoffe.