Abstract:
An electronic device is constructed with a passivation layer on a metal oxide surface of the device. The metal oxide can be on an electrode as a hole transport layer (HTL), hole injection layer (HIL), electron transport layer (ETL), or electron injection layer (EIL). The passivation layer is a polymer or oligomer comprising carboxylate groups that can be deposited on the metal oxide surface distal to the electrode from solution and optionally oxidized. The oxidation can be carried out by treatment of the deposited polymer with ultraviolet radiation in the presence of ozone.