Abstract:
A nanoscale superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with an in- situ electronically tunable interference pattern. A four-terminal four-junction SQUID On Tip (mSOT) with effective diameter as small as 165 nm is fabricated at the apex of a sharp pipette using self-aligned three step deposition of Pb. In contrast to conventional two-junction two-terminal SQUIDs which display optimal sensitivity with an applied field biased to about quarter of flux quantum, (Φ 0 /4), the additional terminals and junctions allow attaining the optimal sensitivity at any value of the applied field, thus eliminating "blind spots". The device achieves spin sensitivity of 5 to 8 μ Β /Hz 1/2 over a continuous field range of 0 to 0.5 T, thus providing a highly sensitive tool for high dynamic range nanoscale magnetic imaging.
Abstract:
A device and methods for use thereof in low-temperature thermal scanning microscopy, providing non-contact, non-invasive localized temperature and thermal conductivity measurements in nanometer scale ranges with a temperature resolution in the micro-Kelvin order. A superconductive cap mounted on the tip of an elongated support probe is electrically-connected to superconductive leads for carrying electrical current through the cap. The critical superconducting current of the leads is configured to be greater than the critical current supported by the cap, and the cap's critical current is configured to be a function of its temperature. Thus, the temperature of the cap is measured by measuring its critical superconducting current. In a related embodiment, driving a current greater than the critical current of the cap quenches the cap's superconductivity, and permits the cap to dissipate resistive heat into the sample being scanned. Scanning of the sample in this mode thus images its thermal conductivity patterns.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a sensor device comprising a probe carrying a three-dimensional magnetic field sensor. The probe has a conical tip portion with an edge being configured as the three-dimensional magnetic field sensor. The sensor at the edge of the tip comprises at least three Josephson junctions, each junction being formed by a superconducting layer and separated by a barrier. The barrier comprises a non- superconducting layer or a geometrical constriction. The conical tip portion of the probe forms a tapered three-dimensional structure having at least one arc-like part crossing the opening of the tip portion such that the apex has a closed-loop basis and a plurality of complimentary spaced-apart facets defined by the at least one arc, thereby enabling measurement of both in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields separately.