摘要:
The present disclosure relates to systems and methods by which lead from spent lead-acid batteries may be extracted, purified, and used in the construction of new lead-acid batteries. A method (10) comprises the step of: (14) forming a first mixture in a first vessel, wherein the first mixture includes a lead-bearing material and a carboxylate source, which (16) react to precipitate lead salt particles; (18) separating a portion of the first mixture from a remainder of the first mixture, wherein the portion includes lead salt particles having specific densities below a specific density threshold value and/or having particle sizes below a particle size threshold value and forming a second mixture in a second vessel, wherein the second mixture includes the lead salt particles from the separated portion of the first mixture; (22) separating the lead salt particles of the second mixture from a liquid component of the second mixture. The second vessel might be configured to (20) enlarge the received lead salt particles by growing and/or agglomerating said particles in a growth mixture.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to methods by which lead, such as lead from spent lead-acid batteries, may be recycled and potentially used in the construction of new lead-acid batteries. Such a method may include: (A) forming a mixture including a carboxylate source and a lead-bearing material (step 14); (B) generating a first lead salt precipitate in the mixture as the carboxylate source reacts with the lead-bearing material (step 16); (C) increasing the pH of the mixture to dissolve the first lead salt precipitate (step 18); (D) isolating a liquid component of the mixture from one or more insoluble components of the mixture (step 20); (E) decreasing the pH of the liquid component of the mixture to generate a second lead salt precipitate (step 24); and (F) isolating the second lead salt precipitate from the liquid component of the mixture (step 26). Thereafter, the isolated lead salt precipitates may be converted to leady oxide (step 28) for use in the manufacture of new lead-acid batteries (steps 30, 32).
摘要:
A simple and versatile coaxial turbulent jet mixer can synthesize a range of nanoparticles at high throughput, while maintaining the advantages of homogeneity, reproducibility, and tunability that are normally accessible only in specialized microscale mixing devices. Rapid mixing down to a timescale of 7 ms can be achieved by controlling the Reynolds number, providing homogeneous and controllable environments for formation of nanoparticles, for example, by precipitation. The device fabrication does not require specialized machining, making it accessible for a wide range of biomedical laboratories.
摘要:
Method and system for forming solid cylinders of carbon dioxide. In one embodiment, liquid carbon dioxide is expanded into at least one molding tube to produce dry ice snow. The dry ice snow is compressed into solid cylinders of carbon dioxide by the pressure of the liquid carbon dioxide entering the molding tube.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a crystalline micronised particulate of a glycopyrronium salt by hydrodynamic cavitation. The resulting drug particles are physically stable with regard to agglomeration and/or aggregation on storage.
摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Tropfen aus einer Monomerlösung zur Herstellung von Poly(meth)acrylat in einen Reaktor (1) zur Tropfenpolymerisation, wobei mindestens ein Kanal (25) oder ein Vertropferkopf umfasst ist, wobei der Kanal (25) oder der Vertropferkopf an seiner Unterseite mit einer Vertropferplatte (26) verschlossen ist, wobei die Vertropferplatte (26) Löcher aufweist, durch die die Monomerlösung in den Reaktor (1) eingebracht wird, und wobei die Vertropferplatte (26) so gestaltet ist, dass Löcher (35) die bei einer achssymmetrischen Vertropferplatte (26) oder einer ringförmigen oder als Ringsegment gestalteten Vertropferplatte nicht auf einer Mittellinie der Vertropferplatte (26) oder bei einer kreisförmigen Vertropferplatte nicht am Mittelpunkt der Vertropferplatte liegen, so ausgerichtet sind, dass Monomerlösung durch die Löcher (35) in einem Winkel zur Senkrechten in den Reaktor (1) eingebracht wird und wobei bei einer radialen Ausrichtung von achssymmetrischen Vertropferplatten (26) die Löcher (35) so ausgerichtet sind, dass der Winkel, mit dem die Monomerlösung in den Reaktor (1) eingebracht wird, in Richtung der Achse des Reaktors (1) abnimmt, und bei parallel zueinander angeordneten Vertropferplatten (26) oder konzentrisch angeordneten Vertropferplatten jeweils auf einer Linie parallel zur Mittellinie oder konzentrisch um den Mittelpunkt verlaufenden Linie so ausgerichtet sind, dass der Winkel, mit dem die Monomerlösung in den Reaktor (1) eingebracht wird, konstant ist.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to systems and methods by which lead from spent lead-acid batteries may be extracted, purified, and used in the production of new lead-acid batteries. Such a system may include a first phase separation device (76) configured to receive the first mixture from the basic lead stream digestion device (192), isolate a liquid component (196) from one or more insoluble components (78) of the first mixture, and output the liquid component (196). The system also includes a lead salt precipitation device (200) configured to receive and mix the liquid component and a carboxylate source (201) to form a second mixture including a lead salt precipitate and output the second mixture. The system further includes a second phase separation device (92) configured to receive the second mixture from the lead salt precipitation device (200), isolate the liquid component (96) from the lead salt precipitate (94) of the second mixture, and output the lead salt precipitate, which may later be converted into leady oxide particles (100).