Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for producing terephthalic acid using a p-xylene stream enriched with p-toluic acid are described. The apparatus includes first and second reactor zones. The reactor zones can be in the same reactor or in different reactors.
Abstract:
Arrays of ionic liquids are provided for combinatorial materials science research. These ionic liquids may be characterized by the general formula A B where A represents any stable inorganic or organic cation and B represents any stable organic or inorganic anion. The uses for such arrays are as co-solvents in various chemical reactions.
Abstract:
Systems and apparatus for ionic liquid catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion, such as alkylation, using vaporization to remove reaction heat from an ionic liquid reactor and to provide mixing therein, wherein hydrocarbon vapors are withdrawn from the ionic liquid reactor and the withdrawn hydrocarbon vapor is recovered by a hydrocarbon vapor recovery unit in fluid communication with the ionic liquid reactor for recycling condensed hydrocarbons to the ionic liquid reactor. Processes for ionic liquid catalyzed alkylation are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Trapping, recycling, and other techniques involving catalysts are provided by this invention. The present invention provides for the retention of catalysts and other immobilized entities within a reaction region. In one aspect, the invention promotes such retention by incorporating support material regions including relatively little (or, in some cases, substantially no) catalyst (and thus, a relatively large number of catalyst adsorption sites) which can trap catalyst as it is transported through the downstream support material. In some cases, such arrangements can be achieved by using multiple beds arranged in series. In other instances, the amount of catalyst can be varied within a single bed to achieve the desired effect. The embodiments described herein can be used in systems in which the catalyst is covalently or non-covalently associated with the support surface.
Abstract:
Provided is a process for producing low volatility, high quality gasoline blending components which comprises recirculation of at least a portion of a recovered stream comprising primarily isoparaffins. Recirculation of the stream allows for an enhanced I/O ratio and a more cost effective process.
Abstract:
Es wird ein Verfahren zum Versiegeln einer Flüssigkeit, vorzugsweise einer in einem Speicherbehälter verbleibenden Flüssigkeit, die nicht mit dem in dem Speicherbehälter gespeicherten Medium in Kontakt kommen soll, beschrieben. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Flüssigkeit (4) mit einer ionischen Flüssigkeit (6) versiegelt. Hierbei werden die Stoffeigenschaften der für die Versiegelung gewählten ionischen Flüssigkeit (6) vorzugsweise von den Stoffeigenschaften der zu versiegelnden Flüssigkeit (4) bestimmt.
Abstract:
A process for continuous carbonylation of carbonylatable reactants with carbon monoxide in the gaseous phase in the presence of a catalyst, wherein said catalyst is a Supported Ionic Liquid-Phase (SILP) catalyst comprising a solution of a Group VIII metal in an ionic liquid confined on a support. The SILP catalyst offers a very large active catalyst area resulting in a very efficient use of catalyst material and a simple apparatus design.
Abstract:
A biphasic reaction system for carrying out a catalytic reaction is disclosed. The reaction system includes a catalyst, an ionic liquid, a permanent gas and a supercritical fluid. A process for carrying out a catalytic reaction in such a system and a reactor designed to carry out a catalytic reaction in such a system are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Kohlenwasserstoffkonversion oder Aufbereitung eines Austrags einer Kohlenwasserstoffkonversion in Gegenwart einer sauren ionischen Flüssigkeit. Die Kohlenwasserstoffkonversion, die vorzugsweise eine Isomerisierung ist, wird in Vorrichtungen durchgeführt, deren Oberflächen, die mit der sauren ionischen Flüssigkeit in Kontakt kommen, vollständig oder zumindest teilweise aus mindestens einem nichtmetallischen Werkstoff hergestellt sind. Der nichtmetallischen Werkstoff wiederum ist auf mindestens einem weiteren Werkstoff aufgebracht, der vom nichtmetallischen Werkstoff verschieden ist.
Abstract:
Methods for converting an HF alkylation unit to an ionic liquid alkylation system configured for performing ionic liquid catalyzed alkylation processes may comprise connecting at least one component configured for ionic liquid catalyzed alkylation to at least one component of the HF alkylation unit, wherein the at least one component of the HF alkylation unit is retained, modified or adapted for use in the ionic liquid alkylation system. An ionic liquid alkylation system derived from an existing or prior HF alkylation unit is also disclosed.