Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a process for the production of methyl acrylate wherein methyl lactate is contacted with a ZSM-5 catalyst in the presence of methanol. It was found that the presence of methanol is essential to obtain a selective process with a high yield. With the process according to the invention methyl acrylate may be obtained as the major product of the reaction, especially if methanol is used as solvent instead of water, while acrylic acid is detected in minor quantity (usually below 10C%, but often below 5 C%). Methanol may be used as the sole solvent in the process, but preferably also a small amount of water is present in the solvent. In one aspect of the invention, between 1 and 25 wt% of water, based on the total amount of solvent is present.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for synthesizing an oxyfunctionalized product. The method includes incubating an enzyme substrate with an enzyme capable of hydroxylating one terminal carbon of the enzyme substrate to form a hydroxylated product and converting at least a portion of the hydroxylated product to the oxyfunctionalized product. The enzyme substrate is an unsaturated or saturated carboxylic acid or an ester thereof, and the hydroxylated product can be a terminal hydroxy-substituted unsaturated carboxylic acid or an ester thereof. The oxy-functionalized products include insect pheromones and other useful compounds.
Abstract:
This invention relates to polymerization of muconic acid and its derivatives. Muconic acid useful for the present invention can be in any of its isomeric forms including cis , cis - muconic acid (ccMA), cis , trans -muconic acid (ctMA), and trans , trans -muconic acid (ttMA). Muconic acid used in the present invention can be derived either from renewable carbon resources through biological fermentation or from non-renewable petrochemical resources through biological fermentation or chemical conversion.
Abstract:
La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation en continu d'acrylate léger, par réaction d'un alcool léger avec un flux d'acide acrylique de grade ester brut comprenant des adduits de Michael à une teneur massique supérieure à 8%. Selon ledit procédé, on effectue simultanément dans une seule zone réactionnelle la dissociation thermique des adduits de Michael présents dans ledit flux d'acide acrylique de grade ester brut, ou générés in situ dans la zone réactionnelle, et la réaction d'estérification avec un alcool léger de l'acide acrylique présent dans ledit flux d'acide acrylique de grade ester brut et/ou généré in situ par ladite dissociation thermique, l'effluent sortant de la zone réactionnelle étant soumis ensuite à une chaîne de traitement et de purification conduisant à l'obtention d'un acrylate léger purifié, et le résidu de réaction restant suffisamment fluide pour être soutiré à l'aide d'une pompe.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a novel, commercially viable and industrially advantageous process for the preparation of 3-[(1R,2R))-3-(dimethylamino)-1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl]phenol (Tapentadol), or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, in high yield and purity. Also described are novel intermediates useful for preparing tapentadol or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Abstract:
The present invention generally relates to a condensed process for producing terephthalic acid and terephthalic esters from a dialkyl cyclohexane-2,5-dione-1,4-dicarboxylate; a chemoselective process for preparing a substantially bicyclic-lactone-free dialkyl cyclohexane-2,5-diol-1,4-dicarboxylate; and compositions of matter prepared thereby.
Abstract:
Process for the synthesis of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid esters of the formula R 1 R 2 C=CR 3 (COOR 4 ), in which R 1 is an alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl group that may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl groups, R 2 is an alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl group that may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl groups, or hydrogen, or R 1 and R 2 form together with the carbon atom connecting them a C 4 -C 7 -carbocyclus that may be substituted with one or more halogen atoms and/or C 1 -C 3 -alkyl groups, R 3 is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 5 -alkyl group, and R 4 is an alkyl or aryl group with up to 20 carbon atoms, by reacting in a first step a carbonyl compound of formula R 1 R 2 C=O with an orthoester of formula CH 2 R 3 C(OR 4 ) 3 , and by dehydrating in a second step the obtained intermediate compound R 1 R 2 COH- CHR 3 (COOR 4 ).
Abstract:
A process for preparing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or derivatives thereof from ricinoleic acid, lower alkyl esters of ricinoleic acid, or salts thereof. The CLA is formed by reacting a carboxylic acid, or anhydride, anhydride equivalent, or ester thereof with the ricinoleic acid or derivative to form an intermediate having a carboxylic ester at the 12-hydroxy position of the ricinoleic acid or derivative, and reacting the intermediate with a base to form a cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid.
Abstract:
A method in which Michael addition reaction products generated as by-products in (meth)acrylic ester production are decomposed and (meth)acrylic acid, a (meth)acrylic ester, and an alcohol are recovered. By the method, olefins can be inhibited from being yielded as by-products. The method comprises thermally decomposing by-products of the production of a (meth)acrylic ester from an alcohol having a C3 or higher branched chain, the decomposition being conducted in the absence of any catalyst.