The invention pertains to the field of metal material detecting and particularly provides a measuring method of total residues and residual iron powder on the strip surface. The measuring method of the invention is characterized in that a sampling mode that the upper surfaces of a first plate and a second plate, the lower surfaces of the second plate and a third plate, the upper surfaces of the third plate and a fourth plate are stacked together in sequence; when in measuring, two plates in the middle are taken to be detected. Butanone is used for cleaning the residues on the surface of the plate; a small amount of absorbent cotton is nipped by a tweezer to be dipped into little butanone so as to scrub the residues on the surface of the steel plate into a 250ml beaker till no dark mark can be scrubbed out by absorbent cotton; the absorbent cotton and the tweezer are washed by Ketone with small amount repeatedly to ensure accuracy of residues. When in analysis, total amount of residues is calculated by the formula: Oil(mg/m<2>single surface)=(G2-G1)/S, and the content of residual iron powder is calculated by the formula: Fe(mg/S<2>/single surface) is equal to V multiplied by C multiplied by 55.85/1.2 multiplied by 10<-1> multiplied by 2 multiplied by 10<-1>. The invention has the advantages that the effective area of a steel plate is ensured without being polluted when sampling is carried out and the effective area of the steel plate can not be polluted in the whole course of the experiment, thus ensuring the accuracy of the analysis result.