A method of extracting dibutyl phthalate from common buried rubber is provided. The method includes weighing the common buried rubber, performing ultrafine smashing, adding ethyl acetate, extracting, centrifuging, precipitating, adding ethanol having a concentration of 95%, extracting, centrifuging to obtain a supernatant liquid, concentrating the supernatant liquid, drying, adding an ethanol water solution having a concentration of 80%, dissolving under the function of ultrasonic waves until the concentration is 15-50 mg/mL, and separating through a C18 reverse phase silica gel chromatographic column, wherein a binary mobile phase adopting purified water as an A phase and methanol as a B phase is adopted; elution is performed in a manner that the mobile phase in which the concentration of the methanol is 20% is adopted for 5 min, then the mobile phase in which the concentration of the methanol is 40% is adopted for 7 min, then the mobile phase in which the concentration of the methanol is 80% is adopted for 13 min and finally the mobile phase in which the concentration of the methanol is 100% is adopted for 5 min; and eluate from the 21 min to the 22 min is collected according to an ultraviolet absorption spectrum, concentrated and freeze-dried in vacuum to obtain the dibutyl phthalate the purity of which is 99% or above. The method is stable in separation, high in repeatability, high in preparation amount and simple and time-saving in operation.