The invention provides a control method for a detachable hybrid-driven vertical take-off and landing unmanned aerial vehicle and belongs to the field of structural design of aircrafts. A vehicle body pod is detachable, the sizes and weights of vehicle body pods corresponding to different functions are different, and therefore the high requirement of a whole control system for robustness under the situation of the uncertain weight and rotational inertia parameters of a vehicle body is put forward. According to the control method, aiming at the unmanned aerial vehicle with the detachable vehicle body pod, the speed is controlled through an adaptive sliding mode control scheme, the attitude angle is controlled through a robust adaptive control strategy based on a backstepping approach and feedforward control, thus a controller has the high robustness and adaptive ability when structural parameters and aerodynamic parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle are changed, operation of the unmanned aerial vehicle with the long endurance and the long flying range is achieved.