The invention discloses a pipe joint erecting device and a synchronous work type pipe joint erecting construction method. The pipe joint erecting device comprises a pipe joint erecting machine and a pipe joint conveying vehicle; the pipe joint erecting machine comprises a main frame, a front supporting leg, a rear supporting leg and a lifting mechanism; the front supporting leg is mainly composedof a supporting leg stand column and a running truck arranged below the supporting leg stand column, the rear supporting leg is mainly composed of a rear supporting leg cross beam and a supporting oilcylinder arranged below the rear supporting leg cross beam, and the pipe joint conveying vehicle conveys pipe joints in a foundation pit from front to back of the construction direction; and the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, small in whole device height, small in device weight, capable of enabling all working procedures to be subjected to crossed work and the like.