The invention relates to a multi-physics coupling bioreactor, which includes a bioreactor tank, an ultrasonic generation and control device, a light generation and control device, and a magnetic fieldgeneration and control device, which are sequentially connected and arranged. The magnetic field generation and control device is arranged in communication with the bioreactor tank; the ultrasonic generation and control device includes an ultrasonic generator and a container, a probe of the ultrasonic generator is arranged in the container, and a first cooling layer is provided outside the container; the light generation and control device includes a first glass tube, a light shielding sleeve is provided outside the first glass tube, and a light-emitting body is provided on the inner wall ofthe light shielding sleeve; the magnetic field generation and control device includes a second glass tube, and an electromagnetic coil is provided outside the second glass tube. The bioreactor can fully culture different microorganisms, and can achieve independent sterilization of the cavity and pipeline of each device in the system, and the maintenance and upgrade are simple and convenient. The bioreactor can also be connected to any type of tank, can be used in combination freely according to the different culture requirements of microorganisms, and has a wide range of applications.