The invention provides a framework-type ecological caisson wharf structure. The lower portion of the framework-type ecological caisson wharf structure adopts a gravity-type submerging caisson framework structure, the upper portion of the framework-type ecological caisson wharf structure adopts a pile structure, the positions of piles are adapted to the position of the intersection line of caissonwall bodies, and a caisson and the piles are prefabricated together; the caisson is backfilled with dimension stone or sand or other filler according to the stability requirements; a large concrete slab is cast-in-place at the tops of the piles to form a wharf working face. The framework-type ecological caisson wharf structure has the advantages that four basic units of the submerging caisson, thepiles, the backfill and the large slab simultaneously meet the requirements for stability, usability, permeation and ecological performance; the rock foundation condition can be satisfied, the basicusing functions of the wharf are achieved, flow and exchange of water inside and outside a harbor are guaranteed, and the influence of the wharf structure on the environment of the ocean water is reduced; through the permeable structure of the piles, the wave reflection of the wharf apron is greatly lowered, and the mooring condition of ships is improved; through the backfill in the caisson, the benthonic area is artificially set, and the recovery and growth of benthonic organisms are facilitated; the framework-type ecological caisson wharf structure is simple, convenient to construct and easyto popularize.