Provided are: a method for producing a chip of a thermoelectric conversion material that enables annealing treatment of a thermoelectric conversion material in the form not having a junction with an electrode, and enables annealing of a thermoelectric semiconductor material at an optimum annealing temperature; and a method for producing a thermoelectric conversion module using the chip (13). Also provided are: a method for producing a chip of a thermoelectric conversion material formed of a thermoelectric semiconductor composition, including (A) a step of forming a sacrificial layer (2) on a substrate (1), (B) a step of forming a chip of a thermoelectric conversion material on the sacrificial layer formed in the step (A), (C) a step of annealing the chip of a thermoelectric conversion material formed in the step (B), and (D) a step of peeling the chip of a thermoelectric conversion material annealed in the step (C); and a method for producing a thermoelectric conversion module using the chip produced according to the production method.