A surface profiling apparatus and method. Broadband light is directed along sample and reference paths such that light reflected by a region of a sample surface and light reflected by a reference surface interfere. A mover effects relative movement between the sample and reference surfaces along a scan path. A detector senses a series of light intensity values representing interference fringes produced by the region of the sample surface during the movement. A data processor processes the intensity values as they are received during a measurement operation to produce data indicating the position of a coherence peak, and, after completion of a measurement operation, uses this coherence peak position data to obtain data indicative of the height of the surface region. The data processor includes a correlator for correlating intensity values with a correlation function to provide correlation data to enable the position of a coherence peak to be identified.