A maintenance method and device for neighbor information of a mobile relay are provided. The above-mentioned method includes: neighbor relation information is acquired when the MR resides in a designated station, wherein the neighbor relation information includes: information about a cell to which one or more user equipment (UE) dominated by the MR can be migrated; and a neighbor list of the MR is maintained according to the neighbor relation information. By using the above-mentioned technical solution provided in the disclosure, the technical problems that, in the related art, there is not yet a solution for the MR to achieve the automatic generation and optimization of neighbor cells in a mobile environment (such as high-speed rail environment) etc. are solved, thereby enabling the UE of the MR to be quickly migrated to an appropriate neighbor cell, optimizing the MR switching process and the network performance.