Provided is a logical operation element that performs logical operations on three or more inputs using a single unique device. The logical operation element 30 is provided with an electrode 5A and the other electrode 5B that are provided to have a nanogap, a metal nanoparticle 7 arranged between the electrode 5A and the other electrode 5B in insulated state, and a plurality of gate electrodes 5C, 5D, 11, 11A, 11B for adjusting a charge of the metal nanoparticle 7. Electric current that flows between the electrode 5A and the other electrode 5B is controlled in accordance with the voltage applied to three or more of the gate electrodes 5C, 5D, 11, 11A, 11B.