摘要:
A solid acid-base catalyst contains vanadium pentoxide hydrate, preferably of the formula
V 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O
in which n has a value from 0.1 to 3, as confirmed by its X-ray diffraction spectrum shown in Fig. 1. This solid acid-base catalyst displays catalytic activity under mild conditions, and can be applied to the synthesis of olefins and ethers by alcohol dehydration, the synthesis of aldehydes and ketones by alcohol dehydrogenation, the hydration and isomerization of olefins, and alkylation, es terification, amidation, acetalization, amination, hydrogen shift, aldol condensation and polymerization.
摘要:
A catalyst for the production of a substituted benzaldehyde by catalytic vapor-phase oxidation of a substituted toluene, which catalyst has as a catalytically active substance being composed of an oxide represented by the general formula III: V a Mo b X c Y d O e wherein V, Mo, and O are respectively for vanadium, molybdenum, and oxygen, X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, and thallium, Y is at least one element selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, phosphorus, antimony, bismuth, tellurium, tin, lead, boron, copper, and silver, and a, b, c, d, and e indicate the atomic ratios of relevant elements such that where a + b = 1, then b = 0.05 to 0.4, c = 0.1 to 1, d = 0 to 1, and e = the value determined by the state of oxidation of other elements.
摘要:
A catalyst of formula (1):A α Sb β W γ D δ O x wherein A is molybdenum or chromium; D is at least one of V, Nb, Ta, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn, B, Tl, Sn, Pb, Te, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, La, Ce and Sm; α = 1, β = 0.5-10, γ = 0.1-10 and δ = 0-3; and x is a numerical value determined by the oxidation states of the elements other than oxygen.
wherein A is molybdenum or chromium; D is at least one of V, Nb, Ta, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Zn, B, Tl, Sn, Pb, Te, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, La, Ce and Sm; α = 1, β = 0.5-10, γ = 0.1-10 and δ = 0-3; and x is a numerical value determined by the oxidation states of the elements other than oxygen.
wherein E 1 is at least one element selected from P, As, Sb, B, S, Se, Te, F, Cl, Br, I, Nb, Ta, W, Re and Cu; E 2 is at least one element selected from Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Ag, Au, Zn, Tl, Sn, Pb, Bi, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Y, La, Ce, Nd and Sm; α = 1, β = 0.01-10, γ = 0-5, and x is a numerical value determined by the oxidation states of the elements other than oxygen.
摘要:
A solid acid-base catalyst contains vanadium pentoxide hydrate, preferably of the formula V 2 O 5 ·nH 2 O in which n has a value from 0.1 to 3, as confirmed by its X-ray diffraction spectrum shown in Fig. 1. This solid acid-base catalyst displays catalytic activity under mild conditions, and can be applied to the synthesis of olefins and ethers by alcohol dehydration, the synthesis of aldehydes and ketones by alcohol dehydrogenation, the hydration and isomerization of olefins, and alkylation, es terification, amidation, acetalization, amination, hydrogen shift, aldol condensation and polymerization.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing a superconducting material capable of elevating the Tc of oxide superconductors, in paticular Bi-based superconductors. The feature of the present invention resides in a process for producing an oxide superconductor, in which a intermediate product or a product showing superconducting property is treated with a solution containing a compound having a reducing or oxdising function. As the compound having a reducing function, compounds having two or more enolic hydroxy groups, cycloaliphatic polyhydric alcohol compounds or inorganic type reducing compounds are preferred. As the compound having oxidizing function, there can be mentioned, for example, carbonyl compounds, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxide, dimethylsulfoxide and permanganate.