摘要:
A cascaded harmonic generator, for cascaded optical harmonic generation from an optical beam provided by a laser source, may include a second harmonic generator to generate a second harmonic optical beam based on a residual beam associated with the optical beam. The cascaded harmonic generator may include a third harmonic generator to generate a third harmonic optical beam based on the second harmonic optical beam and the optical beam. The third harmonic generator may be positioned in an optical path upstream from the second harmonic generator. A harmonic generator delay time, associated with the optical path, may be approximately equal to, or may be an approximate integer multiple of, a laser source round-trip time.
摘要:
A deep ultra-violet (DUV) continuous wave (CW) laser includes a fundamental CW laser configured to generate a fundamental frequency with a corresponding wavelength between about 1 μm and 1.1 μm, a third harmonic generator module including one or more periodically poled non-linear optical (NLO) crystals that generate a third harmonic and an optional second harmonic, and one of a fourth harmonic generator module and a fifth harmonic generator. The fourth harmonic generator module includes a cavity resonant at the fundamental frequency configured to combine the fundamental frequency with the third harmonic to generate a fourth harmonic. The fourth harmonic generator module includes either a cavity resonant at the fundamental frequency for combining the fundamental frequency with the third harmonic to generate a fifth harmonic, or a cavity resonant at the second harmonic frequency for combining the second harmonic and the third harmonic to generate the fifth harmonic.
摘要:
In a signal regeneration device in which recovery of a signal quality which has been degraded during transmission in optical communication and extension of a transmission distance are achieved, the most representative method of quantizing an optical phase is a phase sensitive amplifier (PSA) and a technique that utilizes an optical parametric process through use of a highly nonlinear optical medium, but there is a demand for a technique of quantizing an optical phase which is not accompanied with an optical parametric gain, has small-sized elements, is easily integrated, and does not require high power pump light By a technique of a hybrid optical phase squeezer (HOPS), when a phase of input light is quantized to M levels (M > 2), phase conjugate light of the input light and (M-1)th phase harmonic light of the input light are subjected to power modulation to be coherently added, so that quantization of the optical phase is performed through use of a simple four-wave mixing (FWM) that is not accompanied with the optical parametric gain and a general optical amplifier by using a general nonlinear optical medium such as silicon, and accordingly, a GER of equal to or higher than 30 dB can be obtained, even if a nonlinear optical element having a low nonlinearity is used.
摘要:
A device for frequency conversion of a first laser beam (6) generated with a first frequency (ω 1 ) by a laser beam source (4) comprises: a) an optically non-linear first crystal (2) for generating a second laser beam (8) having a second frequency (ω 2 ), which differs from the first frequency (ω 1 ), said second laser beam propagating parallel to the first laser beam (6) after leaving the first optically non-linear crystal (2), b) an optically non-linear second crystal (10), which generates from the first and second laser beams (6, 8) at least one third laser beam (18) having a third frequency (ω 3 ), which differs from the first frequency (ω 1 ) and the second frequency (ω 2 ), c) an optical deflection device (12) for influencing the relative beam position between first and second laser beams (6, 8) in such a way that d) first and second laser beams (6, 8), before entering into the second crystal (10), propagate at an angle (a) with respect to one another, which angle differs from zero, and e) enter in a manner spaced apart from one another at an entrance surface (16) of the second crystal (10) and intersect within the second crystal (10) with at the same time collinear phase matching, wherein f) the entrance surface (16) of the second crystal (10) is inclined at a wedge angle (γ) which differs from 0° with respect to two mutually parallel, mutually opposite side surfaces (17) of the second crystal (10).
摘要:
An improved solid-state laser for generating 193 nm light is described. This laser uses the 6 th harmonic of a fundamental wavelength near 1160 nm to generate the 193 nm light. The laser mixes the 1160 nm fundamental wavelength with the 5 th harmonic, which is at a wavelength of approximately 232 nm. By proper selection of non-linear media, such mixing can be achieved by nearly non-critical phase matching. This mixing results in high conversion efficiency, good stability, and high reliability.
摘要:
The present invention provides a radiation source apparatus which can generate a DUV radiation beam having a wavelength of 193.4 nm efficiently. The radiation source apparatus according to the invention has first wavelength conversion means arranged to receive a first laser beam of a first fundamental wavelength and to generate a fourth-harmonic wavelength of the first fundamental wavelength, second wavelength conversion means arranged to receive the beam of the fourth-harmonic wavelength of the first fundamental wavelength (266nm) and a second laser beam of a second fundamental wavelength and to sum-frequency mix the fourth-harmonic with the second fundamental wavelength radiation to generate a beam of second DUV radiation having a wavelength between approximately 232 nm and 237 nm, and third wavelength conversion means arranged to receive the beam of second DUV radiation and the third laser beam of a third fundamental wavelength and to sum-frequency mix the second DUV radiation with the third fundamental wavelength radiation to generate third DUV radiation having a wavelength between approximately 192.5 nm and 194.5 nm.
摘要:
The generatrix directions of cylindrical lenses 11a and 11b are perpendicular to the optical axis, and are perpendicular to each other. As a result, the optical system combining the cylindrical lenses 11a and 11b can achieve the same optical effect as a spherical lens. This system is characterized by the fact that since the respective lenses are cylindrical lenses, there is no shift in the optical axis even if the lenses are moved in the generatrix direction. For example, in cases where scratches on the lenses have become conspicuous, the useful life of the laser device can be extended by moving the lenses in the generatrix direction (direction indicated by the arrow) by means of a moving mechanism (not shown in the figures), e.g., a stage equipped with a micrometer, and using unused portions of the lenses.
摘要:
A probe station which includes a base machine (10), a probe platen (17) mounted on the base machine (10), and a single passive air cooled Nd:YAG laser (100), mounted with a microscope (22). The single laser supplies an output beam to a first non-linear crystal (106) for generating the second harmonic of the fundamental output wavelength. A mirror (107) then directs the beam at a 90 degree angle through a polarizer (108) to repolarize the fundamental wavelength. The beam then passes to a second non-linear crystal (109) for generating the third and fourth harmonic of the fundamental wavelength. A reflecting mirror (111) then directs the beam to a variable attenuator (112) to select the appropriate output wavelength in the infrared (1064 nm), in the green (532 nm), or in the ultraviolet (355 or 266 nm).
摘要:
Intra-cavity and/or inter-cavity sub-resonators (10, 20, 22, 50, 52, 32, 54) with dielectric coated mirrors (10, 50, 52, 54) have anti-reflection and high-reflection coatings to attain high efficiency third (32) and higher order harmonics generation of laser radiation. Main-resonators and sub-resonators enhance the fundamental and harmonic oscillation, respectively, which result is high conversion efficiency of third harmonics (32) and higer, such improved lasing efficiency may be implemented in higher power lasers for improved power performance to attain over 8 W of UV output power with a high repetition rate. The use of intra-cavity THG techniques provide high efficiency by using existing high intensities of the input fundamental frequencies available in the intra-cavity region of the laser to avoid damage to components of the laser, such as the laser crystal. The THG utilizes a double-pass and/or multi-pass arrangement, which results in about a 60 % increase in output power compared to a single pass configuration. Also, blocking of UV energy generated in a return pass is performed to eliminate damage by the UV to components in the main cavity.