摘要:
Die Erfindung betrifft ein energiesparendes und im Abgas schadstoffarmes Verfahren zum Schmelzen von Glas in einem Glasschmelzofen mit einem Schmelz-, einem Läuter- und einem Homogenisierungsteil, wobei die überwiegende Schmelzenergiezu-führung durch Brenner fossilen Brennstoffs im Läuterteil erfolgt, die Rauchgase den Schmelzteil im Gegenstrom zu dem Gemenge überstreichen, nahe der Gemengeaufgabe abgezogen werden und das Schmelzteil an der Oberfläche durch eine aus dem Läuterteil kommende Strömung im Gegenstrom zu dem Gemenge durchströmt wird und daß die Flammstrahlung aus dem Läuterteil an dessen Grenze und über dem Schmelzteil absorbierende Maßnahmen vorhanden sind, wodurch der Raum über der Schmelze in Zonen unterschiedlicher Temperatur unterteilt wird, in denen die höchste Temperatur im Läuterteil vorliegt.
摘要:
Glass is made from a feed consisting of batch materials and cullet in a furnace that is both electrically and gas fired. A batch-only hopper (1) discharges through a blanket conveyor (2) to a batch melting chamber (16) that is electrically fired and is connected via a submerged throat (6) to a fritting chamber (17) where the at least partly molten batch materials are mixed with cullet fed from cullet-only hoppers (10) by blanket feeders (9). The fritting chamber (17) is fired by a combination of electricity and roof-mounted flat flame burners (11). Material passes from the fritting chamber (17) to a secondary reheating and refining chamber (19) which is heated by regenerative gas burners (13). The separation of batch materials from cullet and separate melting thereof in a pre-melter (16) means that the feed to the secondary refining and conditioning chamber (19) is relatively free of fines and requirement to melt only cullet in the fritting chamber (17) and secondary refining chamber (19) enables those chambers to be operated at a lower temperature than the batch melting chamber (16). The resulting furnace makes efficient use of gaseous combustion and electrical energy and has low emissions of fines and oxides of nitrogen.
摘要:
In an arrangement for preheating and liquefying glass batch materials or the like, the material is transferred from the preheater to the liquefying vessel by conveyor means that isolates batch material from exhaust gas and permits feeding of the batch material to selected regions of the liquefying vessel.
摘要:
A process for the production of a glass by the vacuum melting method using silica as a raw material is disclosed, comprising filing a silica fine powder in a suitable vessel, heating it in the presence of an accelerator for phase conversion to obtain a porous formed body consisting of a cristobalite phase, and then heating and melting the formed body in vacuo. According to the present invention, a transparent and active glass having a high quality can be produced at an inexpensive cost.
摘要:
The present invention relates to methods of recycling cullet. The present invention also relates to methods of recycling fibreglass. In particular, the present invention utilises submerged combustion melting to recycle cullet and/or fibreglass.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of manufacturing a set of mass-produced glass containers, a raw material composition, and a set of resulting mass-produced glass containers, wherein the method comprises obtaining successive batches of raw material including, in a certain percentage of at least 80% by weight, a mixture of, for the most part, predominantly transparent pieces of recovered post-consumer glass and with a heterogeneous and variable chromatic composition in successive batches, melting the successive batches of raw material, and automatically manufacturing the set of predominantly transparent mass-produced containers with an identical shape, automatically detecting and rejecting the manufactured containers exhibiting dimensional and/or safety defects causing alterations in the shape and/or geometry of the container above predefined tolerances, ignoring the chromatic and/or aesthetic manufacturing defects, and filling all the containers from the set of non-rejected mass-produced containers with the same content and labeling with an identical label.
摘要:
The present disclosure relates to a method for protecting operators controlling a glass forming machine (1), the method comprising: setting a first optical barrier (OB) in an operational state of the glass forming machine, the first optical barrier being arranged in front of at least a part (2) to be protected of the glass forming machine; and triggering a first alert state when the first optical barrier is in the operational state and detects an object across the first optical barrier, the first alert state comprising stopping the part of the glass forming machine.