摘要:
The present invention provides a kit, a method of fabrication of the kit and a method of use of the kit for facilitating the fabrication of a patient-specific implant such as a cranial implant. In a preferred embodiment, the kit 30 includes a thermo-formed plastic sheet 32, a portion 34 of which is formed of PP plastics to the three dimensional contour of a bone structure of a specific patient. The thermo-formed sheet 32 optionally doubles as a container 36 for the remaining elements of the kit, which include bone cement 40a, 40b (typically in two part form, each part contained in a separate container device), and, optionally, disposable forming and/or mixing aids 42 such as a spatula. A kneading recess 44 is also formed in the thermoformed sheet 32 of the kit 30. A sheet 46 is adhered via adhesive 48 and extends between flanges 50 of the thermo-formed sheet, to seal and keep sterilized the components 40a, 40b and 42 and the mould recess (shaping form) 34 of the kit 30 within the container 36.
摘要:
A generic bone implant, or set of standardized implants, is created based on using a guide device to develop an axis normal to an articular surface of bone and collecting only one or two data points. A generic cutting tool is used to cut the bone to a point where a generic implant can be used. Several improved tools relating to the procedure for using such an implant, as well as methods for using implants consistent with the invention are further described, including: single-axis and biaxial drill guide tools and methods, generic single-axis implant methods and devices, generic biaxial implant methods and devices, tools and methods for holding or delivering an implant, removal or revision tools and methods, digital measuring systems and methods, and set of measuring gauges for determining the appropriate implant dimensions.
摘要:
A patient-specific knee implant 10 includes a femoral component 20 and a tibial tray component 30, and it is designed based on patient-specific data. An inner, bone-facing surface 40 of the femoral component 20 conforms to the corresponding surface of the femoral condyle. Alternatively, it can conform to one or more optimized bone cuts on the femoral condyle. However, the outer, articular surface 50 of the component 20 is enhanced to incorporate a smooth surface having a nearly constant radius in the coronal plane. The corresponding articular surface 70 of the tibial tray 30 has a surface contour in the coronal plane that is matched to the outer articular surface 50. In certain embodiments, the articular surface 50 of the component 20 incorporates a sagittal curvature that positively-matches the patient's existing or healthy sagittal radius.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are devices, systems and methods for the automated design and manufacture of patient-specific/patient-matched orthopedic implants. While the embodiments described herein specifically pertain to unicompartmental resurfacing implants for the knee, the principles described are applicable to other types of knee implants (including, without limitation, other resurfacing implants and joint replacement implants) as well as implants for other joints and other patient-specific orthopedic applications.
摘要:
A method of optimizing the geometry of a femoral stem (20) of a hip joint prosthesis is disclosed. The femoral stem (20) comprises a neck (21) and an anchoring blade (29) that is attached to the neck (21) and that tapers towards a distal end (23) with a lateral narrow side (28) comprising a distal straight portion (33) and a proximal arcuate portion (32) corresponding to a curve. The transition between the distal straight portion (33) and the proximal arcuate portion (32) occurs at an outer lateral point (29). The method comprises a means of optimizing the profile of the curve of said proximal arcuate portion (32) by a process of iterative modeling steps using a series of curves each defined by a path traced by the outer lateral point (29) on withdrawal of a profile of the stem (20) from a cavity (35) of complementary shape to the stem (20). Preferably, during withdrawal of the profile of the stem (20) from the cavity (35) contact between lateral-distal (36) and proximal-medial (37) stem contours and respective associated boundaries of the cavity (35) are maintained. A femoral stem of a hip joint prosthesis produced by this method and a hip joint prosthesis system for use in the implantation of said femoral stem into a femur are also disclosed.
摘要:
The present invention provides tools and methods for mapping and measuring the articular surface of a joint (or of any bony surface) and for fabricating a prosthetic device based on this recorded data. In one embodiment, once the defect of the chondral surface has been identified, a guide pin (20) is inserted arthroscopically. A fixation screw (10) is driven into the subchondral bone in relation to a reference axis that is approximately central to the defect, the fixation device also serving to define a tangent point to the surrounding articular surface. A measuring tool (70) having a static post that establishes the axial location of origin is inserted on the reference axis. Data recorded during the mapping procedure is entered into parametric engineering design software of similar algorithm to define a three dimensional surface matched to the bearing surface geometry to be implanted and reproduce the anatomic contours mapped.
摘要:
A generic bone implant, or set of standardized implants, is created based on using a guide device to develop an axis normal to an articular surface of bone and collecting only one or two data points. A generic cutting tool is used to cut the bone to a point where a generic implant can be used. Several improved tools relating to the procedure for using such an implant, as well as methods for using implants consistent with the invention are further described, including: single-axis and biaxial drill guide tools and methods, generic single-axis implant methods and devices, generic biaxial implant methods and devices, tools and methods for holding or delivering an implant, removal or revision tools and methods, digital measuring systems and methods, and set of measuring gauges for determining the appropriate implant dimensions.
摘要:
An implant (40) for installation into a portion of an articular surface (50) includes a protrusion (45) configured to cover and un-excised portion of articular surface proximate to the implant (40). Another implant may form a cavity to allow the un-excised portion of articular surface to remodel over a perimeter edge of the implant. The implant (40) may also includes indentations (6805) such as grooves (6807) to promote articular cartilage remodeling over a portion of the load bearing surface of the implant (40). An elongated or non-round implant (6600) is also provided having two opposing concentric arcuate shaped sides (6611, 6612), as well as a method to seat such an implant in an articular surface. A method for seating an implant without cutting articular cartilage is also provided.
摘要:
Methods, systems and apparatus for planning the position of a prosthesis in a long bone in orthopaedic surgical procedures, such as hip replacement surgery, knee replacement surgery, long bone osteotomies, and the like. A bone model is generated from a scanned image of a bone, a prosthesis model is selected from a library of prosthesis models and then a cavity model is formed based on the prosthesis model and/or the bone model. The cavity model may then be positioned over the bone model, either interactively by the surgeon or automatically through an algorithm based on clinical parameters, to determine a reasonable location for implantation of a prosthesis within the bone. The cavity model allows the surgeon to optimize placement of the implant within the bone, and it provides important clinical information to the surgeon, such as areas in which press fits are provided, extension areas for possible subsidence and access areas for allowing the surgeon to insert the implant into the cavity.