摘要:
Provided is a method for producing a liquefied material from a glycerin-based solid material, the method allowing a glycerin-based solid material to be efficiently liquefied to produce a liquefied material that can be used as, for example, a fuel or the like. The method for producing a liquefied material according to the present invention is characterized in that a glycerin-based solid material, such as a glycerin-based solid material produced as a byproduct in the production of a biodiesel fuel from a plant oil, is mixed with at least one oil selected from the group consisting of a mineral oil, an animal oil, and a plant oil; and an acid to produce a liquefied material, the acid being mixed in such that the pH of the liquefied material is 3 to 12.
摘要:
A biomass gasification method and apparatus for production of syngas with arich hydrogen content. In the gasification process the gasification energy is supplied by the sensible heat carried by a high temperature agent combined with the heat released by the chemical reaction between calicined lime and carbon dioxide.
摘要:
A high energy transport gas and a method to transport the high energy transport gas are used to increase the energy content of a pipeline and other vessels that are designed to carry natural gas under ambient conditions, in a compressed state or in a liquefied state. Methane and other gases are used as the feedstock, with methane from natural gas fields, coal beds or derived from hydrogen reacting with coal being primary energy sources. Also, this gas and method can provide an abundant source for hydrogen production, and the energy from hydrogen can be used for fuel cell applications that generate electricity and power motor vehicles. This gas and method are capable of increasing the energy capacity of current natural gas pipelines and other storage and transport vessels.
摘要:
An independent and conserved source of fuel and/or power comprises a top stage rocket engine firing up to 5000 F at very high pressures, delivering jet flows up to transonic velocities into a near adiabatic tunnel for mixing in general and/or for transforming reactants introduced to suit specific objectives. The related compression is supplied by an independent prime mover which compresses its exhaust and other recoverable fluids. Low grade flows, thereby upgraded in temperature and pressure, are adiabatically contained, are further upgraded in the tunnel to become part of the prescribed fuel for export at the tunnel ends; or fuel to be fired in a prime mover for electric or other power; or hydrogen for chemical use. Expansion turbines for this purpose are relieved of the load used to compress the excess air in standard gas turbines thus increasing export power. A portion of the expansion turbine's exhaust becomes part of recoverable fluids. When oxygen is used instead of air, the gases through turbines are nitrogen-free with more heat capacity reducing turbine inlet temperatures for the same power. When reactant transformation is specified, the larger water vapor content in the cycle enhances the water gas/shift autothermally for ammonia and/or power and alternatively for pyrolysis cracking for olefins and diolefins. Further, staging rocket engine reactors increases efficiency in boilers and steam turbines; and staging can produce sponge iron and/or iron carbide as well as expansion turbine power and fuel cells for peak and off-peak loads.
摘要:
A novel method of biomass processing, in which while carrying out efficient fermentation of biomass, energy can be recovered without the use of plants and in which after the biomass processing the concentration of organic matter in waste liquid can be reduced. There is provided a method of biomass processing, comprising carrying out a hydrogen fermentation of biomass with the use of a hydrogen producing bacterium to thereby recover hydrogen. Further, a fermentation liquid occurring after the hydrogen fermentation is subjected to methane fermentation with the use of a methane bacterium to thereby recover methane. In this instance, at least an organic acid is contained in the fermentation liquid.