摘要:
A process for converting a sugar, sugar alcohol, or glycerol to a valuable chemical is described. The process may use a support comprising zirconium oxide promoted by a polyacid or promoter material. A catalytically active metal may be impregnated on the polyacid-promoted zirconium oxide support and the catalyst may then be introduced the sugar, sugar alcohol, or glycerol a source of hydrogen under reaction conditions. At least 40 wt % of the sugar, sugar alcohol or glycerol may be converted to a polyol and/or a shorter carbon-chain alcohol that may include at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, methanol, ethanol, propanol and butandiols. Specific processes for converting glycerin having a selectivity for propylene glycol and for converting sorbitol with a selectivity for propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and/or glycerin are also described.
摘要:
The present development is a transition metal-based catalyst having a high surface area, a smooth, homogeneous surface morphology, an essentially uniform distribution of cobalt throughout the support, and a small metal crystallite size. The high surface area transition metal-based catalysts of the present invention are prepared in a non-acidic solution at a pH greater than about 7.0, and starting with a non-acidic transition metal complex. The resulting product is a catalyst with a uniform distribution of metal throughout the catalyst particles, with a smooth and homogeneous surface morphology, and with slow crystallite growth upon heating.
摘要:
A process for converting a sugar, sugar alcohol, or glycerol to a valuable chemical is described. The process may use a support comprising zirconium oxide promoted by a polyacid or promoter material. A catalytically active metal may be impregnated on the polyacid-promoted zirconium oxide support and the catalyst may then be introduced the sugar, sugar alcohol, or glycerol a source of hydrogen under reaction conditions. At least 40 wt % of the sugar, sugar alcohol or glycerol may be converted to a polyol and/or a shorter carbon-chain alcohol that may include at least one of propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, glycerin, methanol, ethanol, propanol and butandiols. Specific processes for converting glycerin having a selectivity for propylene glycol and for converting sorbitol with a selectivity for propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and/or glycerin are also described.
摘要:
A system for dehydrogenating a C3 or C4 hydrocarbon feed stream containing a first and second layer of catalysts placed in the hydrocarbon feed stream, wherein the feed stream first passes through the first layer and then the second layer of catalysts and wherein the catalysts of the first layer contain from 50 to 90 percent by weight of an eta-alumina carrier, from 10 to 50 percent by weight of chromia and from 0.1 to 5 percent by weight of a zirconium compound and wherein the catalysts of the second layer of catalysts contain from 50 to 90 percent by weight of an eta-alumina carrier and from 10 to 50 percent by weight of chromia, without an added zirconium compound.
摘要:
A hydrogenation catalyst which is sulfur tolerant and which includes from about 0.1 to about 1 percent platinum by weight and from 0.2 to about 2 percent by weight palladium on a predominantly theta alumina carrier. Also disclosed is a process for the manufacture and use of the hydrogenation catalyst.
摘要:
A method for purification of ethylene-containing feedstreams from steam crackers or fluid catalytic crackers (FCC), wherein the feedstreams further comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide, acetylenes, oxygen, nitric oxides, is disclosed. The method comprises contacting an ethylene-comprising gas stream with a Ru-based catalyst at reaction temperatures of at least 120°C. The process results in an ethylene-containing feedstream wherein the ethylene is essentially free of acetylenes, nitric oxides and oxygen. The purifying of the feedstream occurs with minimal loss of ethylene.
摘要:
A polyacid-promoted, zirconia catalyst or catalyst support having a high crush strength, surface area and pore volume is described. The polyacid-promoted, zirconia catalyst or catalyst support may be made by combining a zirconium compound with a polyacid/promoter material that includes the group 6 metals (i.e., chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W)), as well as phosphoric acids, sulfuric acids, and polyorganic acids. The zirconyl-promoter precursor may be extruded in the absence of any binder or extrusion aid. The polyacid-promoted, zirconia catalyst or catalyst support is hydrothermally stable in aqueous phase hydrogenation or hydrogenoloysis reactions.
摘要:
An adsorbent product for the adsorption of trace elements of sulfur, arsenic, mercury, compounds which contain these elements or metal hydrides from a hydrocarbon gas stream, preferably an olefinic or paraffinic stream, wherein the adsorbent product is iron oxide and manganese oxide placed on a support material, preferably aluminum oxide. Also disclosed is a process for the use of this adsorbent product for the removal of trace elements of arsenic, mercury and sulfur or compounds containing those elements or metal hydrides from a hydrocarbon gas stream, preferably an olefinic or paraffinic gas stream.
摘要:
A polyacid-promoted, zirconia catalyst or catalyst support having a high crush strength, surface area and pore volume is described. The polyacid-promoted, zirconia catalyst or catalyst support may be made by combining a zirconium compound with a polyacid/promoter material that includes the group 6 metals (i.e., chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W)), as well as phosphoric acids, sulfuric acids, and polyorganic acids. The zirconyl-promoter precursor may be extruded in the absence of any binder or extrusion aid. The polyacid-promoted, zirconia catalyst or catalyst support is hydrothermally stable in aqueous phase hydrogenation or hydrogenoloysis reactions.
摘要:
The present development is a transition metal-based catalyst having a high surface area, a smooth, homogeneous surface morphology, an essentially uniform distribution of cobalt throughout the support, and a small metal crystallite size. The high surface area transition metal-based catalysts of the present invention are prepared in a non-acidic solution at a pH greater than about 7.0, and starting with a non-acidic transition metal complex. The resulting product is a catalyst with a uniform distribution of metal throughout the catalyst particles, with a smooth and homogeneous surface morphology, and with slow crystallite growth upon heating.