Abstract:
An apparatus and method for measuring an emission is provided. A source (12) of an excitation beam (14) is provided. In the path of the excitation beam (14), means (18) are located for providing one or more daughter beams (20). The one or more daughter beams (20) are directed at one or more substances (28). The substances (28) may include one or more known qualified substances (30), and one or more known unqualified substances (32). The substances (28) have substantially similar characterizations. Positionable adjacent to the one or more substances (28) are means (44) for generating one or more emission beams (42). A spectral measurements substantially simultaneously from the one or more emission beams (42). Means are provided for comparing the spectral measurements from the one or more substances (28).
Abstract:
A method for producing a standard Raman spectrum of a sample (26). A source (12) or incident radiation (14). The incident beam (22) and a monitor beam (24) from the incident radiation (14). The incident beam (22) is directed to the sample (26) and a Raman beam (32) is generated from the sample (26). Spectral data may be collected directly from the monitor beam (24) and the Raman beam simultaneously. The occurrence of a frequency shift in the incident radiation (14) is determined. One spectral measurement is made after the incident radiation (14) is determined. One spectral measurement is made after the occurrence of the frequency shift, or a first spectral measurement is made before and a second spectral measurement is made after the frequency shift. One or more arithmetic calculations are applied to the single spectral measurement, or the second spectral measurement is subtracted from the first spectral measurement. One or more integral transforms are applied to the resulting spectral measurement data to produce the standard Raman spectrum.
Abstract:
An aspheric optical surface in the form of an aspheric mirror comprises a first element (12) defining a spherical reflector and a second element (18) which constitutes a support for the first element and is dimensioned to mate with the rear surface of the first element along an interface zone (36). Interface contour means (28), such as a plurality of shims, are disposed within the interface zone and produce a differential contour between the first and second elements. The interface contour means serve to modify the curvature of the spherical reflector and may, for example, modify the X-axis radius of curvature without significantly modifying the Y-axis radius of curvature. Compression means serve to compress the first and second elements together so that the interface contour means modify the curvature of the spherical reflector in order to produce the aspheric mirror.
Abstract:
A high resolution fast imaging spectrograph is disclosed which provides 400 spatial channels and 100 spectral channels of information. A collimating mirror (10) and a focusing mirror (12) face a plane diffraction grating (14), which is positioned at an acute angle to the perpendicular to the optic axis. An elongated slot (16) is cut through approximately the center of the grating allowing the light source (18) to pass through the slot and onto the collimating mirror. A turning mirror (20), which is placed at the focus of the focusing mirror and adjacent to the slot, directs radiation to a camera mirror (22), which focuses a final image outside the instrument enclosure onto a detector (24). The light source to the instrument is provided by an optical fiber ribbon. The detector will commonly be a CCD or CID 2-D detector, permitting the simultaneous measurement of spectral distribution of a spatial profile. The instrument requires no power input, has no moving parts, and is completely passive with no operating controls or adjustments. Also disclosed is a commercially significant means to utilize the high spatial resolution imaging spectrograph in earth science remote imaging applications through the utilization of a reflecting telescope connected to the spectrograph by means of an optical fiber ribbon.
Abstract:
An aspheric optical surface in the form of an aspheric mirror comprises a first element (12) defining a spherical reflector and a second element (18) which constitutes a support for the first element and is dimensioned to mate with the rear surface of the first element along an interface zone (36). Interface contour means (28), such as a plurality of shims, are disposed within the interface zone and produce a differential contour between the first and second elements. The interface contour means serve to modify the curvature of the spherical reflector and may, for example, modify the X-axis radius of curvature without significantly modifying the Y-axis radius of curvature. Compression means serve to compress the first and second elements together so that the interface contour means modify the curvature of the spherical reflector in order to produce the aspheric mirror.