公开(公告)号：EP1337107A3

公开(公告)日：2004-01-02

申请号：EP03076174.6

申请日：1996-11-21

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Sayed, Alaa A. ,  Laxson, Daniel P., Fairchild Imaging

IPC分类号： H05G1/44 ,  H05G1/60 ,  H04N5/32

CPC分类号： A61B6/4233 ,  A61B6/4488 ,  A61B6/502 ,  A61B6/548 ,  A61B6/581 ,  H04L67/12 ,  H04N5/32 ,  H04N5/3415 ,  H05G1/44 ,  H05G1/46 ,  H05G1/60

摘要： An improved x-ray image sensor system and method enables the use of an uncooled or only slightly cooled CCD array (18a) within a standard size x-ray film cassette (10). The sensor system enables the provision of a number of advanced functions such as remote diagnostic capability, variable image resolution, real-time exposure control, automatic x-ray detection, a low-power "sleep" mode, and automatic, closed loop optimization of image quality.

公开(公告)号：EP0764987A2

公开(公告)日：1997-03-26

申请号：EP96306975.2

申请日：1996-09-25

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Dyck, Rudolph H.

IPC分类号： H01L27/148

CPC分类号： H01L27/14831

摘要： A CCD sensor structure (304) adapted for backside illumination, has a wide depletion layer (300) separating the illuminated surface (303) from potential barrier-like structures (308), e.g., in the form of a series of p-wells, that shield portions of the CCD channels (301) and that cause the photoelectrons to converge through "ports" between the p-wells into selected regions of the CCD channels (301). The potential barriers (308) are thus arrayed to delineate at the CCD surface (304) a series of charge-packet-forming or integrating regions (307), each of which has two (or more) adjacent shielded charge-packet-holding or storage regions (309) into which the frame-indicative charge packets (314) are successively shifted upon receipt of the light from successive image frames. With an anti-reflective coating (305) on the illuminated back surface (303), this device not only provides 100% fill-factor for each of the successive frames, but also can provide very high quantum efficiency (QE) across the visible spectrum. A preferred embodiment utilizes 7-phase (non-barrier-type) ripple clocking for charge packet (314) readout.

摘要翻译： 适于背面照明的CCD传感器结构（304）具有宽泛的耗尽层（300），该被照射表面（303）与潜在的屏障状结构（308）分开，例如以一系列p阱的形式， 其屏蔽CCD通道（301）的部分，并且使得光电子通过p阱之间的“端口”会聚到CCD通道（301）的选定区域。 因此，势垒（308）排列成在CCD表面（304）处描绘一系列电荷分组形成或积分区域（307），每个区域具有两个（或更多个）相邻的屏蔽电荷包保持或 存储区域（309），在从连续的图像帧接收到光时，指示帧的费用分组（314）被连续移动到所述存储区域中。 在照明后表面（303）上具有抗反射涂层（305），该装置不仅为每个连续帧提供100％的填充因子，而且还可以在可见光谱上提供非常高的量子效率（QE） 。 优选实施例利用用于电荷分组（314）读出的7相（非阻挡型）纹波时钟。

公开(公告)号：EP0572137A1

公开(公告)日：1993-12-01

申请号：EP93303658.4

申请日：1993-05-12

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： McNutt, Michael J.

IPC分类号： H01L27/148 ,  H04N3/15

CPC分类号： H04N5/372 ,  H01L27/14875 ,  H01L27/14887 ,  H04N5/33 ,  H04N5/3535 ,  H04N5/359

摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing charge skimming and variable integration time in focal plane arrays (10) formed in a silicon substrate (12). The present invention provides for pulsing a field plate (17) that lies over a diode (18) disposed in the substrate (12) in order to provide for charge skimming and variable integration time. The field plate (17) is normally dc biased to suppress diode edge leakage. No additional structure is needed in the silicon substrate (12), and basic readout clocking is unaffected. Any interline transfer focal plane array (10) can benefit from using the principles of the present invention.

摘要翻译： 用于在硅衬底（12）中形成的焦平面阵列（10）中实现电荷撇取和可变积分时间的方法和装置。 本发明提供脉冲位于设置在基板（12）中的二极管（18）上的场板（17），以便提供电荷撇取和可变积分时间。 场板（17）通常被直流偏置以抑制二极管边缘泄漏。 在硅衬底（12）中不需要额外的结构，并且基本读出时钟不受影响。 任何行间传输焦平面阵列（10）都可以受益于使用本发明的原理。

公开(公告)号：EP0714038B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-02

申请号：EP95308444.9

申请日：1995-11-24

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION ,  UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL CENTER

发明人： Sayag, Michel ,  Karellas, Andrew

IPC分类号： G01T1/29 ,  G01T1/00

CPC分类号： A61B6/502 ,  A61B6/4233 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/2928

公开(公告)号：EP0774870A3

公开(公告)日：1998-04-08

申请号：EP96308249.0

申请日：1996-11-14

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Elabd, Hamman

IPC分类号： H04N9/04

CPC分类号： H04N5/361 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N5/37206 ,  H04N9/045 ,  H04N2209/049

摘要： An image sensor device capable of snap shot colour applications comprising an array of image registers (452) for converting the light from successive image frame exposures into indicative charge packets, and an array of light-shielded storage registers (454) interspersed in regular displacements among the array of image registers for receiving the transfer of the charge packets from adjacent image registers over multiple image frame exposures,
whereby, for example, red, green, and blue colour image frames can be acquired upon the opening of a flash exposure shutter, and transferred in parallel into the storage registers from which the three frames can be read out as a colour image when the shutter is closed.

公开(公告)号：EP0764987A3

公开(公告)日：1998-02-04

申请号：EP96306975.2

申请日：1996-09-25

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Dyck, Rudolph H.

IPC分类号： H01L27/148

CPC分类号： H01L27/14831

摘要： A CCD sensor structure (304) adapted for backside illumination, has a wide depletion layer (300) separating the illuminated surface (303) from potential barrier-like structures (308), e.g., in the form of a series of p-wells, that shield portions of the CCD channels (301) and that cause the photoelectrons to converge through "ports" between the p-wells into selected regions of the CCD channels (301). The potential barriers (308) are thus arrayed to delineate at the CCD surface (304) a series of charge-packet-forming or integrating regions (307), each of which has two (or more) adjacent shielded charge-packet-holding or storage regions (309) into which the frame-indicative charge packets (314) are successively shifted upon receipt of the light from successive image frames. With an anti-reflective coating (305) on the illuminated back surface (303), this device not only provides 100% fill-factor for each of the successive frames, but also can provide very high quantum efficiency (QE) across the visible spectrum. A preferred embodiment utilizes 7-phase (non-barrier-type) ripple clocking for charge packet (314) readout.

公开(公告)号：EP0714038A2

公开(公告)日：1996-05-29

申请号：EP95308444.9

申请日：1995-11-24

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION ,  UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL CENTER

发明人： Sayag, Michael ,  Karellas, Andrew

IPC分类号： G01T1/29

CPC分类号： A61B6/502 ,  A61B6/4233 ,  G01T1/2018 ,  G01T1/2928

摘要： A CCD-scintillator x-ray image sensor (18) has a high sensitivity at room temperature and a low profile, enabling the use of the x-ray image sensor in most modern mammography x-ray machines. A cassette 10 that encloses the CCD-based x-ray image sensor has the approximate dimensions of 10.5 x 7.7 x 0.6 inches, and is thus form and fit compatible with conventional film-based cassettes. An electronic interface to the cassette requires but a single cable (24) and a standard connector (22) for connection to a CCD sensor electronics unit. The CCD sensor electronics unit interfaces to a computer, such as a conventional personal computer or workstation, having a relatively high resolution display and a provision for digitally recording high-resolution electronic images. The high sensitivity at ambient (room) temperature results from an x-ray scintillator screen (18c) that is coupled to the CCD image sensor (18a) via a bias cut fiber optic faceplate (18b). The CCD image sensor has very low dark current density, high responsivity to the green fluorescence of the screen, and multiple output ports for minimizing the time required for readout and for minimizing the noise bandwidth at the output.

摘要翻译： CCD闪烁体X射线图像传感器（18）在室温下具有高灵敏度和低轮廓，使得能够在大多数现代的乳腺摄影X射线机中使用x射线图像传感器。 封闭基于CCD的x射线图像传感器的盒10具有10.5×7.7×0.6英寸的大致尺寸，因此与常规的基于膜的盒形成并配合。 到盒的电子接口需要单个电缆（24）和用于连接到CCD传感器电子单元的标准连接器（22）。 CCD传感器电子单元与具有相对高分辨率显示器和用于数字记录高分辨率电子图像的设备的诸如常规个人计算机或工作站的计算机接口。 环境温度（室温）下的高灵敏度来自经由偏置切割光纤面板（18b）耦合到CCD图像传感器（18a）的X射线闪烁体屏（18c）。 CCD图像传感器具有非常低的暗电流密度，对屏幕的绿色荧光的高响应度以及多个输出端口，用于最小化读出所需的时间和最小化输出端的噪声带宽。

公开(公告)号：EP0603877A3

公开(公告)日：1996-02-07

申请号：EP93120751.8

申请日：1993-12-22

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Sayag, Michel

IPC分类号： H04N3/15 ,  H04N9/04

CPC分类号： H04N9/045 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N2209/048

摘要： A technique and structure is used for producing high resolution color images using a monochrome area charge-coupled device (CCD) 64 and a sequential color illumination scheme. The monochrome CCD 64 comprises a plurality of semiconductor storage cells 76, the semiconductor storage cells 76 being configured in an array having vertical columns 74 and horizontal rows 79. The entire CCD 64 is exposed to a first color image. The charge packets 82 stored in two adjacent horizontal rows as a result of the exposure are then shifted into a third horizontal row. The CCD 64 is then exposed to a second color image. The charge packets 82 stored in the first horizontal row as a result of the second exposure are then shifted into the second horizontal row. The CCD 64 is then exposed to a third and final color image. The CCD output is digitized and stored in a frame. The color information of a particular location on the CCD array 64 is derived by utilizing a simple set of equations.

摘要翻译： 使用单色区域电荷耦合器件（CCD）64和顺序彩色照明方案来生产高分辨率彩色图像的技术和结构。 单色CCD 64包括多个半导体存储单元76，半导体存储单元76被配置为具有垂直列74和水平行79的阵列。整个CCD 64暴露于第一彩色图像。 作为曝光的结果，存储在两个相邻水平行中的电荷包82然后被移动到第三水平行。 然后将CCD 64暴露于第二彩色图像。 作为第二曝光的结果，存储在第一水平行中的电荷包82然后被移动到第二水平行。 然后将CCD 64曝光到第三和最后的彩色图像。 CCD输出被数字化并存储在一个帧中。 CCD阵列64上的特定位置的颜色信息是通过利用一组简单的方程来导出的。

公开(公告)号：EP0603877A2

公开(公告)日：1994-06-29

申请号：EP93120751.8

申请日：1993-12-22

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Sayag, Michel

IPC分类号： H04N3/15 ,  H04N9/04

CPC分类号： H04N9/045 ,  H04N5/372 ,  H04N2209/048

摘要： A technique and structure is used for producing high resolution color images using a monochrome area charge-coupled device (CCD) 64 and a sequential color illumination scheme. The monochrome CCD 64 comprises a plurality of semiconductor storage cells 76, the semiconductor storage cells 76 being configured in an array having vertical columns 74 and horizontal rows 79. The entire CCD 64 is exposed to a first color image. The charge packets 82 stored in two adjacent horizontal rows as a result of the exposure are then shifted into a third horizontal row. The CCD 64 is then exposed to a second color image. The charge packets 82 stored in the first horizontal row as a result of the second exposure are then shifted into the second horizontal row. The CCD 64 is then exposed to a third and final color image. The CCD output is digitized and stored in a frame. The color information of a particular location on the CCD array 64 is derived by utilizing a simple set of equations.

摘要翻译： 使用单色区域电荷耦合器件（CCD）64和顺序彩色照明方案来生产高分辨率彩色图像的技术和结构。 单色CCD 64包括多个半导体存储单元76，半导体存储单元76被配置为具有垂直列74和水平行79的阵列。整个CCD 64暴露于第一彩色图像。 作为曝光的结果，存储在两个相邻水平行中的电荷包82然后被移动到第三水平行。 然后将CCD 64暴露于第二彩色图像。 作为第二曝光的结果，存储在第一水平行中的电荷包82然后被移动到第二水平行。 然后将CCD 64曝光到第三和最后的彩色图像。 CCD输出被数字化并存储在一个帧中。 CCD阵列64上的特定位置的颜色信息是通过利用一组简单的方程来导出的。

公开(公告)号：EP0553729A1

公开(公告)日：1993-08-04

申请号：EP93100963.3

申请日：1993-01-22

申请人： LORAL FAIRCHILD CORPORATION

发明人： Hoagland, Kenneth A.

IPC分类号： H04N5/225

CPC分类号： H04N7/0122 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B13/08 ,  H04N5/2254 ,  H04N5/2628 ,  H04N5/335 ,  H04N5/46

摘要： An apparatus and method for allowing television systems using solid-state image sensors to be compatible with a multiplicity of television standards. Scenes conforming to a standard which specifies a format aspect ratio or a specific number of active scan lines per frame are input into the anamorphic television system. The anamorphic television system modifies these scenes to take optimum advantage of the resolution of the solid-state image sensor. The anamorphic television system alters the dimensions of the scene along the horizontal and/or vertical axis so that the scene conforms to the format aspect ratio of the solid state image sensor and/or to the number of active scan lines per frame as specified in the applicable standard. The solid-state image sensor converts the optical information into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is retrieved from the solid-state image sensor by timing circuitry. The retrieved electrical information is converted into a composite video signal which is then displayed on the display monitor. The original proportionality of the scene is recaptured by altering the vertical and/or horizontal height controls on the display monitor and/or by altering the rate at which the information is retrieved from the image sensor and displayed on the display monitor.

摘要翻译： 用于允许使用固态图像传感器以与电视标准的多个兼容的电视系统的装置和方法。 符合一个标准，该标准规定了格式宽高比或每帧有效扫描行的特定数量的场景被输入到变形电视系统，该歪像电视系统修改论文场景拍摄的固态图像传感器的分辨率的最佳优点 ， 歪像电视系统老化的场景的尺寸沿着水平和/或垂直轴线所以没有如在指定的场景符合固态图像传感器和/或每帧有效扫描行的数量的格式宽高比 适用标准。 固态图像传感器的光学信息转换成关于电信号转换。 该电信号从固态图像传感器由定时电路检索。 所检索的电信息被转换成一个复合视频信号的所有其然后在显示监视器上显示。 场景的原始比例是通过改变在显示监视器上和/或通过改变在其中的信息被从图像传感器获取并显示在显示监视器上的速率的垂直和/或水平高度控制器重新采集。