摘要:
A two-dimensional position detector, in combination with dynamic z and/or flutter sensors, provides dynamic misalignment detection and correction of a measuring head, thereby allowing accurate determinations to be made of properties of a sheet material, such as basis weight.
摘要:
A non-contacting thickness measurement apparatus is described, which is capable of on-line, highly accurate web thickness measurements. The apparatus is comprised of a first and second distance determining means which calculate a distance value from each distance determining means to the web surface. The distance determining means are on opposite sides of the web, so each measures the distance to a different side of the web. At the same time, the distance between the two distance determining means is measured to produce a z-sensor spacing value. The two distance values are thereafter subtracted from the z-sensor spacing value to get a web thickness value. An x-y position adjustment means is used to keep the measurement spot on the web for the two distance determining means at the same location on the web, and several techniques are combined to eliminate temperature-induced and/or other unknown variations or drifts in the web thickness value which are not caused by actual changes in the thickness of the web.
摘要:
Significant improvements in papermaking control can be achieved by employing an array of sensors that are positioned underneath the wire of the machine to measure the conductivity of the aqueous wet stock. The conductivity of the wet stock is directly proportional to the total water weight within the wet stock; consequently, the sensor provides information which can be used to monitor and control the quality of the paper sheet produced. Because CD water weight profile is obtained practically instantaneously, the MD and CD variations are essentially decoupled. Quality improvements to the sheet fabricated will be achieved by providing fast control of the actuators on the machine and by tuning components on the machine to eliminate the sources of variations. Further, the dry stock weight of a sheet of wet stock that is resting on a water permeable moving wire of the papermaking machine can be made employing a water weight sensor element that is positioned adjacent to the wire and that generates signals indicative of the water weight of the sheet of wet stock on the wire. Moreover, the moisture level cross-direction (CD) profile of a sheet of material that is produced can also be measured.
摘要:
The system controls formation of wet stock (55) comprising fibers on a moving water permeable wire (13) of a de-watering machine that has a refiner (135) that is subject to a variable load and a headbox (10) having at least one slice (50), wherein each slice (50) has an aperture through which wet stock (55) is discharged at a stock jet speed onto the wire (13) that is moving at a wire (13) speed. A sheet of wet stock (55) moving a speed develops on the wire (13). The system includes: a) at least two water weight sensors (42A-42E) that are positioned adjacent to the wire wherein the at least two sensors (42A-42E) are positioned at different locations in the direction of movement of the wire (13) and upstream from a dry line (43) which develops during operation of the machine and the sensors (42A-42E) generate signals indicative of a water weight profile made up of a multiplicity of water weight measurements; and b) adjustability of at least one of the stock jet speed, sheet speed, wire speed, or refiner load to cause the water weight profile to match a preselected or optimal water weight profile.
摘要:
System and method for producing paper that employ an apparatus for measuring electrical characteristics of a fibrous composition. The apparatus comprises a plurality of conductivity (or resistance) detectors (26) each comprising a sensor that is sensitive to the conductivity (or resistance) and the proximity of the material (e.g., fibrous composition) to the sensor. Measurements from the apparatus relate to the zeta potential of the fibrous materials in the composition. The zeta potential profiles corresponding optimized configurations of the sheetmaking process can be employed to monitor and control the process.
摘要:
A two-dimensional position detector, in combination with dynamic z and/or flutter sensors, provides dynamic misalignment detection and correction of a measuring head, thereby allowing accurate determinations to be made of properties of a sheet material, such as basis weight.
摘要:
L'invention décrit un capteur (32) et un procédé permettant de mesurer au moins un constituant choisi dans un matériau (18). Selon le procédé, on mesure les constituants en émettant un rayonnement électromagnétique (42) dirigé sur le matériau (18) et en détectant l'intensité du rayonnement émergeant du matériau à des emplacements (36, 37) séparés de la source (38). Le capteur (32) comprend une source de rayonnement (38) servant à émettre un rayonnement (42) sur une feuille (18), une multiplicité de dispositifs de détection (70-73, 82, 83, 90, 91, 98, 99) décalés de manière inégale ou pratiquement égale par rapport à la source (38), et servant à détecter le rayonnement (42) après que celui-ci soit entré en interaction avec la feuille (18), et des premier et second réflecteurs (28, 30) dirigeant le rayonnement afin que celui-ci produise des interactions multiples avec la feuille alors qu'il se déplace de l'orifice (34) de la source vers les dispositifs de détection. L'invention permet de mesurer de manière précise les constituants choisis (par exemple l'humidité) de différents types de papier, dans la mesure où les effets de la puissance de dispersion dans chaque bande du spectre jugée nécessaire à une mesure particulière sont annulés et où la puissance d'absorption dans chaque bande est déterminée.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method, or process, for deriving compositional information from a multi-layer composition which includes the steps of obtaining multi-layer fractional composition information using a non-contact gauge such as an FTIR gauge; obtaining additional multi-layer composition information using a beta gauge; and, correcting for beta ray absorption differences among the layers of the multi-layer composition by combining the multi-layer fractional composition information with the additional multi-layer composition information obtained using the beta gauge.