摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for separating and enriching stable isotopes in gas phase using the principles of high field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry, substantially at atmospheric pressure (760 torr) and substantially at room temperature (298 K). Specifically, the method of the present invention may be used to separate and enrich isotopes of chlorine. Electrospray ionization may be used to generate a gaseous mixture of ions and the ion beam exiting the high field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometer may be sampled into a mass spectrometer for isotope identification.
摘要:
A method of lubricating the wall surfaces (W) of a die cavity used in powder metallurgy involves spraying the wall surfaces with tribocharged particles of a lubricant material. The method is carried out by means of an apparatus centered about a plug member (14) which has a three-dimensional shape conforming generally to that of the article to be formed. The plug member is slightly smaller than the article so that when the plug member is inserted into the die cavity there is a small, but uniform, gap (G) created between the outer wall surfaces of the plug member and the walls of the die cavity. The plug member is secured to a closing plate (8) which can be inserted into the die cavity so as to be sealed therewith. The closing plate is provided with vent holes and the plug member has a plurality of spaced apart tubes (11) extending therethrough, which tubes exit at one or more of the wall surfaces of the plug member. The lubricant material is fed using an inert gas under pressure through tubing which tribocharges the lubricant particles and the tribocharged particles are sprayed from the tubes in the plug member into the gap so that they are electrostatically attracted to the walls of the die cavity and adhere thereto. Any excess gas and lubricant exits the gap through the vent holes (8) in the closing plate. A uniform thin coating of lubricant is created on the walls of the die cavity. The green density of the article formed in the die is greater, and the ejection force required to remove the formed article from the die cavity is less than with existing methods and apparatus.
摘要:
The sialic acid component of a sialic acid unit-containing cell surface marker characteristic of cancerous mammalian cells, such as α2-8 polysialic acid, is modified, so that cells normally expressing such a marker express instead a modified sialic acid unit-containing cell surface marker which is strongly immunogenic. For example, the present invention enables, in a portion of patient cells which regularly express α2-8 polysialic acid (i.e. various types of cancer cells), the expression of a highly immunogenic surface antigen namely, modified α2-8 polysialic acid. The modification is suitably N-acylation of a precursor of the sialic acid, so that the N-acylated precursor becomes chemically incorporated in the polysialic acid during its intracellular biochemical synthesis. Antibodies specific for the modified antigen, which can be induced using a conjugate of a suitable portion of the modified sialic acid unit-containing marker (such as α2-8 polysialic acid) and a protein, can then be used to eliminate cells which express α2-8 polysialic acid. Vaccines can be prepared utilizing conjugates of the modified sialic acid-containing marker, or utilizing antibodies produced in response to exposure of a suitable subject to the modified sialic acid-containing marker, for managing cancer conditions which involve cancer cells characterized, at least in part, by expression of modified sialic acid unit containing marker.
摘要:
The present invention provides a method of making a genetically transformed plant which has an altered content of at least one product of a secondary metabolic pathway. The method consists of introducing into a plant cell capable of being transformed and regenerated to a whole plant a DNA expression cassette. The expression cassette includes DNA sequences required for transformation and selection in plant cells. It also includes a DNA sequence that, under the control of a promoter active in plant cells, encodes a protein capable of modifying the utilization of a substrate in the secondary metabolic pathway. The substrate is not a primary metabolite of the group selected from glucose, amino acids, common fatty acids and nucleotides. A plant or plant tissues including seeds can then be recovered having an altered content of at least one product of the secondary metabolic pathway. The invention also provides for feed products derived from the plants and seeds obtained according to the method.
摘要:
In a method of bandgap tuning of a quantum well heterostructure wherein ions are implanted in the heterostructure by ion implantation, the ions are implanted so that different regions are implanted in such a way as to create different concentrations of defects. This provides varying bandgap energies to various areas of the heterostructure during a subsequent thermal treatment, which removes residual defects and initiates intermixing in the quantum well region to result in a structure having a selectively shifted bandgap.
摘要:
An optical method and apparatus is provided for determining the color and profile of a target surface of an object (8). The target surface is scanned with an incident beam of light (6) containing a plurality of wavelengths including at least one well-defined wavelength. A return beam (7) reflected from the target is split into a first and second return beam (13a, 13b). The first return beam (13a) is utilized for detecting the profile of the target surface (8); and, a plurality of detectors (34R, 34G, 34B) are provided that detect color information corresponding to the target surface (8) from the second return beam (13b).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method to reduce glucosinolate production and/or accumulation in plants wherein a reduced glucosinolate content is desired, particularly in the seeds of these plants. In accordance with the present invention, chimeric gene constructs inhibiting an enzyme responsible for glucosinolate production, the enzyme UDP-glucose:thiohydroximate S-glucosyltransferase (further referred to as 'S-GT') are provided. Further in accordance with the present invention, plants are provided having substantially lower glucosinolate levels in their tissues, particularly in their seeds, which permit a significant expansion of the germplasm basis for the breeding of new oilseed rape varieties having lower glucosinolate levels, particularly in their seeds.
摘要:
A thrombin inhibitor comprising a first bulky hydrophobic portion interacting with the catalytic side of thrombin responsible for proteolysis and a second portion maintaining the hydrophobic and acidic character of amino acids 55 to 60 of native hirudin at the C-terminal non-catalytic region of N-acetyl-hirudin45-65. Between the first and second portions is a divalent linker moiety. The compound is useful in the treatment of thrombotic disorders.