摘要:
Fuel oils, especially heavy fuel oils that are subject to instability on storage can be treated with additives in order to stabilizer the fuel oil in regard to precipitating contaminants such as asphaltenes. Alkylphenol resins, either with or without components selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid amides, mannich resins and mixtures thereof are effective additives for stabilizing fuel oils. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
摘要:
Fouling of hot furnace surfaces in selected refinery processes can be stopped or at least mitigated using an antifouling agent. The antifouling agents include sulfurized oil and may include other components selected from the group consisting of magnesium and aluminum overbases, α-olefin copolymers, and combinations thereof. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
摘要:
Corrosive amine salts in hydrocarbon streams such as desalted crude oil streams can be prevented or avoided by adding certain amine scavenging chemicals to the streams. Suitable amine scavengers include, but are not necessarily limited to, carboxylic anhydrides and copolymers of carboxylic anhydrides, aromatic anhydrides, isocyanates, polyisocyanates, and epoxides. The non-corrosive reaction products of the amines and/or ammonia with these scavengers are preferably oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable. The amine scavengers bind up and react with the amines and/or ammonia to keep them from reacting with materials such as acids (e.g. HCI) to form corrosive amine salts.
摘要:
Crude oils, especially heavy crude oils that are subject to instability on storage or during transportation can be treated with additives in order to stabilizer the crude oil in regard to precipitating contaminants such as asphaltenes. Alkylphenol resins with at least a second component selected from the group consisting of a fatty acid amides, mannich resins and mixtures thereof are effective additives for stabilizing crude oils.
摘要:
A biodiesel may be prepared using an admixture of petroleum diesel and an algal derived hydrotreated renewable diesel which can be treated with petroleum diesel cold flow additives. The resulting diesel fuel may be employed even in cold climates despite the high paraffin content and high degree of saturation of the hydrotreated renewable diesel component of the fuel.
摘要:
Bitumen may be prepared by mixing at least two bitumen feed streams to prepare a bitumen product stream; analyzing the feed streams and the product stream to determine a stability index for each using a Bitumen Asphaltene Stability Index Test; and when the index value for the bitumen product stream is less than about 90% of the weighted average index value for the feed streams, modifying the product stream to achieve a stability index value that is at least 90% of the weighted average index value for the feed streams.
摘要:
Heat exchanger fouling in organic chemical production processes may be reduced using an antifoulant additive. The antifoulant additive may have one component selected from the group consisting of an alkylphosphate ester, and an alpha olefin maleic anhydride copolymer; or it may have two components selected from the group consisting of a metallic overbase, an alkylphosphate ester, and an alpha olefin maleic anhydride copolymer, wherein at least one of the two components in not an overbase. An additive having three components: a metallic overbase, an alkylphosphate ester, and an alpha olefin maleic anhydride copolymer; is also within the scope of the disclosure. The abstract is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims.
摘要:
Corrosive amine salts in hydrocarbon streams such as desalted crude oil streams can be prevented or avoided by adding certain amine scavenging chemicals to the streams. Suitable amine scavengers include, but are not necessarily limited to, carboxylic anhydrides and copolymers of carboxylic anhydrides, aromatic anhydrides, isocyanates, polyisocyanates, and epoxides. The non-corrosive reaction products of the amines and/or ammonia with these scavengers are preferably oil-soluble, non-basic and thermally stable. The amine scavengers bind up and react with the amines and/or ammonia to keep them from reacting with materials such as acids (e.g. HCI) to form corrosive amine salts.
摘要:
An effective hydrogen sulfide scavenger that produces little corrosion may be prepared by reacting glyoxal with a compound having at least two primary or secondary amine groups. The subject hydrogen sulfide scavengers may be used with both the production of crude oil and natural gas, and the refining of same.