摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the extractive separation of nickel(0) complexes and phosphorus-containing ligands and/or free phosphorus-containing ligands from a reaction discharge of a hydrocyanation of unsaturated mononitries to dinitriles, by means of a hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon and the reaction discharge being separated into two phases at a temperature T (in °C). The invention is characterised in that the content of nickel(0) complexes and phosphorus-containing ligands and/or free phosphorus-containing ligands in the reaction discharge of the hydrocyanation is at least y wt. %, depending on the temperature T, and a maximum of 60 wt. % independently of the temperature T. The numerical value of the minimum content y is indicated by the equation y = 0,5 T + 20, T being a dimensionless numerical value.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the separation of ascorbic acid from a mixture containing ascorbic acid and 2-keto-L-gulonic acid in a polar, preferably aqueous solvent, by means of liquid/liquid extraction using an amide. The method preferably also comprises steps for the back-extraction of the ascorbic acid, recycling of the extraction solvent and/or the back extraction solvent and for isolation of the ascorbic acid from the back extraction solvent. The invention further relates to a method for the production of ascorbic acid from KGA and isolation of the ascorbic acid so produced.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for extracting 2-ketone-L-gulonic acids from a polar, preferably aqueous solvent, preferably from a solvent which contains a mixture of ascorbic acid and 2-ketone-L-gulonic acid, by means of liquid-liquid extraction with the aid of an extraction agent which contains a tertiary amine and a polar organic diluent. Preferably, the inventive method also comprises steps for retro-extracting the 2-ketone-L-gulonic acid and for returning the extraction agent. The invention also relates to a method for producing ascorbic acid from 2-ketone-L-gulonic acid and for isolating the thus produced ascorbic acid.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing cyclohexenone derivatives of general formula (I), wherein R1 represents hydrogen or OH; R2 represents (Ia), comprising the following steps: (a) hydrolyzing a cyclohexenol compound of formula (II), wherein R3 represents hydrogen and R4 represents C1-C6-alkoxy or R3 and R4 represent vicinal hydroxy groups, which carry a common acetal protective group or a ketone protective group, R5 represents (IIa), and R6 represents a protected hydroxy group, in the absence of an organic solvent and in the presence of an acid catalyst; and; (b) extracting the reaction mixture by using a polar extracting agent.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the extractive separation of homogeneously dissolved catalysts from a reaction product from a hydrocyanation of unsaturated mononitriles to dinitriles, by extraction with a carbon material (K), characterised in that a) a non-polar aprotic liquid (F) is added to the reaction product to give a stream (I) and b) the stream (I) is extracted with a carbon material (K) at a temperature (T), to give a stream (II), containing the carbon material (K), enriched with the catalyst and a stream (III), stripped of catalyst.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing 3-pentenenitrile, characterised by the following steps: (a) isomerisation of an educt stream containing 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile on at least one dissolved or dispersed isomerisation catalyst to form a stream (1), which contains the isomerisation catalyst(s), 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, 3-pentenenitrile and (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitrile; (b) distillation of the stream (1) to obtain a stream (2) as the overhead product, which contains 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, 3-pentenenitrile and (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitrile and a stream (3) as the bottom product, which contains the isomerisation catalyst(s); (c) distillation of the stream (2) to obtain a stream (4) as the overhead product, which is enriched with (Z)-2-methyl-2-butenenitrile in comparison to stream (2), (in relation to the sum of all pentenenitriles in stream (2)) and a stream (5) as the bottom product, which is enriched with 3-pentenenitrile and 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile in comparison to stream (2), (in relation to the sum of all pentenenitriles in stream (2); (d) distillation of stream (5) to obtain a stream (6) as the bottom product, which contains 3-pentenenitrile and a stream (7) as the head product, which contains 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the extractive separation of nickel(0) complexes and phosphorus-containing ligands and/or free phosphorus-containing ligands from a reaction discharge of a hydrocyanation of unsaturated mononitries to dinitriles, by means of a hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon and the reaction discharge being separated into two phases at a temperature T (in °C). The invention is characterised in that the content of nickel(0) complexes and phosphorus-containing ligands and/or free phosphorus-containing ligands in the reaction discharge of the hydrocyanation is at least y wt. %, depending on the temperature T, and a maximum of 60 wt. % independently of the temperature T. The numerical value of the minimum content y is indicated by the equation y = 0,5 T + 20, T being a dimensionless numerical value.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the separation of ascorbic acid from a mixture containing ascorbic acid and 2-keto-L-gulonic acid in a polar, preferably aqueous solvent, by means of liquid/liquid extraction using an amide. The method preferably also comprises steps for the back-extraction of the ascorbic acid, recycling of the extraction solvent and/or the back extraction solvent and for isolation of the ascorbic acid from the back extraction solvent. The invention further relates to a method for the production of ascorbic acid from KGA and isolation of the ascorbic acid so produced.