Abstract:
The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) wherein R1 signifies a C1-C15 alkyl moiety or a C2 to C18 alkenyl moiety, to their process of production as well as to their use in organic synthesis, especially as intermediates (building blocks) in the synthesis of vitamin A or &bgr;-carotene or derivatives thereof, or other carotenoids, e.g. canthaxanthin, astaxanthin or zeaxanthin, preferably vitamin A.
Abstract:
Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Methods and compounds useful in treating other disorders are also disclosed. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed. Methods of modulating, normalizing, or enhancing energy biomarkers, as well as compounds useful for such methods, are also disclosed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing cyclohexene derivatives of general formulae (I) or (II), by reducing alkine compounds of general formulae (III) or (IV), with a mixture of zinc and at least one ammonium salt of formula (V) as a reducing agent. In said formulae, the substituents R1 to R8 independently have the designation cited in the description. Said method is characterised in that the reducing agent contains between 0.3 and 0.49 mol of at least one ammonium salt of formula (V) per zinc mol.
Abstract:
Trimethylcyclohexane derivatives represented by general formula (1): wherein A represents C=O or CH-OH; n is 2; R represents hydrogen or methyl; R represents linear or branched and optionally saturated C3-10 hydrocarbyl; and the dotted line represents an optionally saturated carbon-carbon bond; melanin-formation inhibitors and perfume-holding agents containing one or more of the above derivatives, and skin preparations for external use characterized by containing one or more melanin-formation inhibitors and/or perfume-holding agents described above.