Abstract:
The invention relates to a device (D), which is accommodated in a reactor (R) and which contains a gas- and/or liquid-permeable bottom (B), in the edge region of which a lateral boundary (W) is arranged, which completely surrounds the bottom (B) and forms a volume (V), which is partially or completely filled with catalytic and/or non-catalytic shaped bodies, at least one network made of noble metal and/or non-noble metal possibly being located on the side lying opposite the bottom (B) upstream, characterized in that a thermally insulating layer (S) is located at least on a part of the surface of the inside of the lateral boundary (W) of the device (D), the material for the thermally insulating layer (S) being selected from the group comprising ceramic material, microporous material, and silicate fibers.
Abstract:
A method is proposed for producing phosgene by reacting a feed stream (1) obtained by combining and mixing a chlorine feed stream (2) and a carbon monoxide feed stream (3), wherein the carbon monoxide is fed in a stoichiometric excess over chlorine, on contact tubes that are filled with activated-carbon beds, of a reactor R having a bundle of contact tubes, obtaining a product gas mixture (4) that is separated into a liquid, phosgene-containing product stream (5), and also an exhaust gas stream (6) containing carbon monoxide which is ejected via a pressure-retaining valve, and wherein the feed stream (1) is reacted in the reactor R and also the product gas mixture (4) is separated at a pressure in the range from 2.0 to 6.0 bar superatmospheric pressure, which is characterized in that the carbon monoxide excess in the feed steam (1) to the reactor R is controlled by continuously measuring the flow rate and the concentration of carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas stream (6), herefrom, in combination with the continuously determined measured values of the flow rate of the carbon monoxide feed stream (3), the flow rate and the chlorine concentration of the chlorine feed stream (2), the actual value of the carbon monoxide excess in the feed stream (1) to the reactor R is calculated and matched to the theoretical value of the carbon monoxide excess in the feed stream (1) to the reactor R by adapting the flow rate of the carbon monoxide feed stream (3).
Abstract:
A reactor (1) is proposed for reacting a fluid educt stream (2) with a fluid oxidant stream (3) in the presence of a solid catalyst (4) in two or more stages on two or more catalyst packed beds (5), which are disposed horizontally, parallel to the longitudinal axis of a circular cylindrical reactor shell (6) in the inner chamber thereof, having hoods (7) removably attached to the ends of the reactor shell (6), said fluid educt stream (2) flowing through the reactor (1) from top to bottom, characterized in that - the two or more catalyst packed beds (5) are each formed by a plurality of modules, each comprising - a cuboid frame (8), which extends over the entire height of the catalyst packed bed and in which - one or more bottom screens (9) and a top screen (10) are inserted, - the solid catalyst (4) being poured in between the one or the more bottom screens (9) and the top screen (10), - that all modules of a catalyst packed bed (5) are assembled in a cuboid external frame (11), which is disposed horizontally in the reactor (1) and which extends substantially over the entire length and the entire width of the reactor (1), with the exception of the hoods, and - that a mixing device (12) is provided for the fluid oxidant stream (3) in the flow direction upstream of each catalyst packed bed (5).
Abstract:
The invention proposes a method for leakage monitoring in a tube bundle reactor (1) comprising a bundle of vertical contact tubes (2) disposed parallel to each other, through which a fluid reaction mixture is conducted, and through the space (3) of which surrounding the contact tubes a fluid heat transfer medium is conducted, further comprising one or more vent bores (4) for the fluid heat transfer medium in the upper region of the tube bundle reactor (1), the bores connecting the tube bundle reactor (1) to one or more compensating receptacles (5, 6, 7) for the fluid heat transfer medium, characterized in that at least one of the compensating receptacles (5, 6, 7) for the fluid heat transfer medium has a connecting line (8) for supplying the gas phase above the fluid level in the same to an analysis device (9), which determines the composition of the supplied gas phase.