摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing alkyl ketene dimers by reacting carboxylic acid chlorides with tertiary amines in a molar ratio of between 1: 1 and 1: 1.6 at temperatures of between 65 and 150 °C and with a residence time of between 1 and 30 mins in the absence of solvents. Said reaction partners are intensively mixed and the alkyl ketene dimers are separated from the reaction mixture.
摘要:
A process for hydrolyzing polymers containing vinylcarboxamide units by heating polymers containing vinylcarboxamide units in an aqueous medium in the presence of acids or bases, wherein an aqueous solution or dispersion of a polymer containing vinylcarboxamide units and an aqueous solution of an acid or base are supplied continuously to a tubular reactor under elevated pressure, and 0.05 to less than one equivalent of an acid or base is used per vinylcarboxamide equivalent, and the mixture is passed through the tubular reactor at a temperature of >100°C up to 250°C, decompressed and cooled.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for removing carbonaceous deposits from surfaces of catalysts and plant components by treating the deposits with a superheated steam flow at least temporarily containing an oxygenated gas, wherein by monitoring the CO 2 in the exhaust gas after condensing the steam at a temperature of at least 300 °C, (a) the carbonaceous deposits are treated with super-heated steam at a temperature of at least 300 °C until the CO 2 content of the exhaust gas has exceeded a maximum, (b) then with further introduction of super-heated steam the introduction of oxygen begins, wherein the amount of introduced oxygen is adjusted so that the CO 2 -content in the exhaust further reduces until it has sunk to a value
摘要:
A process for preparing sulfuric monoesters from amino alkanols by reacting sulfuric acid with amino alkanols and removing the water formed in the reaction from the reaction mixture, by mixing sulfuric acid and at least one amino alkanol, passing the resulting hot reaction mixture into a vessel with turbulent flow and quenching it therein with a fluid.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing N-vinylcarboxamides by pyrolyzing a compound of the formula (I), in which R and R 1 stand for H or C 1 to C 6 alkyl, in the presence of solids that are doped with alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal ions under reduced pressure at a temperature of 330 to 750°C by splitting off hydrogen cyanide and cooling, separating, and isolating the reaction products, wherein a solid arranged in a tubular reactor is treated with a solution of an alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal base at a temperature in the range of 0 to 250°C, the solution is discharged, the remaining solvent, which adheres to the catalyst that can be obtained in such away, is evaporated, and afterwards the catalyst is heated to a temperature of at least 380°C in order to activate the catalyst.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method for purifying an open-chain N-vinyl compound by means of a crystallization process in a crystallizer in which crystallization is performed from a melt of a mixture containing an open-chain N-vinyl compound at a pressure ranging from 10-3 to 400 bar.