摘要:
A process for upgrading a residua feedstock using a short vapor contact time thermal process unit comprised of a horizontal moving bed of fluidized hot particles. The residua feedstock is preferably atomized so that the Sauter mean diameter of the residua feedstock entering the reactor is less than about 2500 νm. One or more horizontally disposed screws is preferably used to fluidize a bed of hot particles.
摘要:
Improved hydroprocessing processes for upgrading refinery streams via the use of rapid cycle pressure swing absorption having a cycle time of less than 30 s for increasing the concentration of hydrogen in the vapor phase product recycled to the hydroprocessing zone.
摘要:
Petroleum cokes derived from extra-heavy crude sources can be made more amenable to quenching by adding water or a water/light oil mixture to the coker feed downstream of the furnace. The coke product resulting from this addition of normally volatile liquids to the hot coker feed is still relatively dense but is more friable and usually is in a compact, relatively free-flowing, granular form. The coke is more amenable to uniform quenching in the drum and so can be cut and discharged with a reduced risk of eruptions and a reduced risk of fires in the coke pit or when the coke is subsequently handled and transported.
摘要:
A method and system for blending components obtained from a feed stock. The method includes flowing a first stream through a membrane member, with the membrane member having a first wafer assembly comprising a first thin film polymer membrane, a first permeate zone, and heat transfer means for transferring heat from the first permeate zone to the polymer membrane. The method includes exposing the first stream to the polymer membrane and providing a heated fluid to the heat transfer means in order to heat the permeate zone and the polymer membrane as the first stream is being flown through the first wafer assembly. The method further includes removing a permeate stream from the permeate zone. The permeate stream may be conducted to at least one refinery process unit for further processing. In the preferred embodiment, the feed stock is a naphtha. The system includes a wafer assembly adapted to receive the first stream, with the first wafer assembly comprising a plurality of wafers, and a first and second membrane member having a thin film polymer member. The system also includes heat transfer means for heating a permeate zone and the polymer membrane, as the first stream is being flown through the wafer assembly, and means for processing the produced permeate.
摘要:
The morphology of petroleum cokes produced by the delayed coking of feeds produced from extra-heavy crude sources such as those from the Venezuela Orinoco Heavy Oil Belt can be controlled to produce a less dense coke which is less likely to inflame in the coke pit or in subsequent handling. An aqueous solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal carbonate salt when added to a feed of this type which would normally produce a dense coke product is effective to produce a quenchable coke product of lower density and higher porosity, usually in compact, granular form permitting it to be readily discharged from the drum.
摘要:
An isothermal method is provided for separating aromatic hydrocarbons from a feed stream. The method includes flowing the feed stream through a first channel within a first wafer assembly that contains a rib member. Next, the feed stream is exposed to a first thin film polymer membrane. A stream permeates through the first thin film polymer membrane into a permeate zone. The permeate zone is heated via a heated fluid contained within the rib member. The permeate is produced from the first wafer assembly. The method may include having a plurality of tandem wafer assemblies arranged in series. An apparatus for separating aromatic components from a feed stream is also disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a series of tandem wafer assemblies specifically adapted for blending a transportation fuel.
摘要:
A slurry hydroprocessing process (SHP) where a hydrocarbon feedstock is treated at slurry hydrotreating conditions, in the presence of a hydrogen containing treat gas and in the presence of a supported metallic catalyst which is a supported sulfide of a metal selected from the group of non-noble Group VIII metals, Group VIB metals and mixtures thereof where the support is an inorganic oxide and where the catalyst has an average diameter of about 0.5 to about 100 microns to obtain a first product stream comprising the catalyst and a hydroprocessed feedstream; separating the first product into a catalyst-free product stream and a catalyst-containing stream and recycling at least a portion of the catalyst-containing stream back to the hydroprocessing step.
摘要:
The present invention is a method for operating a rapid cycling pressure swing adsorption (RCPSA) having a cycle time, T, to separate a feed gas into a non-adsorbed gas and tail gas. The method includes the steps of passing the feed gas having a purity of F % at high pressure into a first end of a bed which selectively adsorbs the tail gas and passes the product gas out a second end of the bed for a time, F. The product gas has a purity, P %, and a rate of recovery of R %. Then the bed is cocurrently depressurized for a time, t co , followed by countercurrently depressurizing the bed for a time, tCN. The bed is then purged for a time, tP, wherein desorbate (tail gas) is released at the first end of the bed at a pressure greater than 30 psig. Subsequently the bed is repressurized for a duration, tRP
摘要:
A method for separating aromatic hydrocarbons from a feed stream. The method includes flowing the feed stream through a first channel within a first wafer assembly that may contain an underflow distribution weir. Next, the feed stream is exposed to a first thin film polymer membrane. A stream permeates through the first thin film polymer membrane, and the permeate is produced from the first wafer assembly. The retentate is directed via a redistribution tube to a second wafer assembly that may contain an underflow distribution weir. This retentate is exposed to a second thin film polymer membrane. A second permeate stream is created that permeates through the second thin film polymer membrane. The second permeate stream is flown into the permeate zone and ultimately produced from the second wafer assembly. An apparatus for separating aromatic components from a feed stream is also disclosed. In the preferred embodiment, the apparatus includes a series of tandem wafer assemblies. The wafer assemblies comprise a first wafer, second wafer and third wafer. First and second membrane members are disposed within the wafer. A permeate side conduit system for heating fluid is provided.