摘要:
The present invention provides an improved membrane based process to separate amines or organic acids from a solution comprising at least one amine or at least one organic acid, respectively, according to their hydrophobic properties. In particular, in the methods described herein the (more hydrophobic) amine or organic acid passes the hydrophobic membrane into an acidic aqueous solution, thus selectively removing the amine or organic acid from the first solution. The methods are particularly suitable to obtain chiral amines in high yield, wherein a transaminase catalysed transamination of an amino donor and amino acceptor is combined with a hydrophobic membrane separation of the produced chiral amine, wherein the selective removal of the chiral amine from the reaction mixture promotes the further transformation of the amino acceptor into the product chiral amine.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for the treatment of pulp mill condensates is described. A hollow fiber contactor, incorporating a hydrophobic membrane, was used to remove several undesirable compounds from pulp mill condensates. For example, TRS compounds and SO2 were efficiently stripped from kraft and sulphite mill evaporator condensates, respectively. Methanol was also removed from kraft mill condensates but at a lower efficiency than TRS. Furthermore, other undesirable compounds found in condensates of pulp mills that contribute to the BOD and COD loading to effluent treatment systems were also removed. These contactors are cost effective since air, vacuum or a suitable solvent or scrubbing solution can be used as the stripping medium to drive off through the membrane several undesirable compounds from the feed solution. The undesirable compounds removed can thus be burned in the recovery boiler, lime kiln or a dedicated boiler.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of extracting a dissolved solute from a first liquid to a second liquid comprising the step of providing an extraction device including opposing first and second frames wherein each frame defines a plurality of open regions and a plurality of fluid pathways. The extraction device further including a microporous membrane sealed between the frames. As a further step the method comprises the step of introducing the first liquid into the first frame, such that the first liquid passes through the first frame pathways. Furthermore, introducing the second liquid into the second frame such that the second liquid passes through the second frame pathways. The first and second liquids contact the microporous membrane at the open regions of the first and second frames, respectively. The method finally comprises the step of transferring the solute from the first liquid to the second liquid across pores of the microporous membrane.
摘要:
The present invention includes methods and systems for improving oil quality of a contaminated oil mixture by removing contaminants from a contaminated oil comprising the steps of: pretreating a membrane contactor system having a first and a second surface with an hydrophobic liquid, wherein the hydrophobic liquid is contacted to at least one of the first and second surfaces; obtaining a contaminated oil that comprises oil and lipophobic contaminants; contacting the contaminated oil onto a first surface of one or more membrane contactors to coalesce the oil on the first surface; and collecting the coalesced oil from the contaminated oil on the second surface of the membrane contactor.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a new process for obtaining fatty acid alkyl esters from fatty acid containing lipids, i.e. mono-, di- and triglycerides and phospholipids, in a membrane contactor.
摘要:
The development and application of a novel non-polar oil recovery process utilizing a non-dispersive solvent extraction method to coalesce and recover oil from a bio-cellular aqueous slurry is described herein. The process could apply to recovery of algal oil from a lysed algae slurry, recovery of Omega fatty acids from a bio-cellular aqueous feed, recovery of Beta-carotene from a bio-cellular aqueous feed and for the removal from produced water in oil production and similar type applications. The technique of the present invention utilizes a microporous hollow fiber (MHF) membrane contactor. The novel non-polar oil recovery process described herein can be coupled to a collecting fluid (a non-polar solvent such as heptane, a biodiesel mixture or the previously extracted oil) that is circulated through the hollow fiber membrane. In cases where the biodiesel mixture or the previously extracted oil is used the solvent recovery step (e.g. distillation) can be eliminated.
摘要:
A high mass transfer membrane for use in membrane phase contactors to extract a solute from an aqueous phase to a solvent phase and their method of preparation and use are disclosed. The membrane is formed from polyimide by phase inversion and may optionally be crosslinked to maintain stability even in the solvents from which the membranes were formed by phase phase inversion.