摘要:
A hydropyrolysis catalyst and a process using that catalyst are described. The catalyst comprises a support and an active metal component wherein the catalyst is an eggshell type catalyst having the active metal component located in the outer portion of the support.
摘要:
A gas separation membrane and a method of manufacturing such gas separation membrane that comprises a porous substrate treated with a layer of metal-coated inorganic oxide particles and with the layer of such metal-coated inorganic oxide particles being coated with an overlayer of a gas-selective material.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a solid biomass feedstock, said process comprising the steps of: a) providing in a first hydropyrolys is reactor vessel a first hydropyrolysis catalyst composition, said composition comprising one or more active metals selected from cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, ruthenium, platinum, palladium, iridium and iron on an oxide support, wherein the active metals are present in a partially sulfided form to the extent that the first hydropyrolysis catalyst composition contains sulfur in an amount of from 10 to 90% of a full stoichiometric amount; b) contacting the solid biomass feedstock with said first hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in said first hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 600°C and a pressure in the range of from 0.50 to 7.50MPa, to produce a product stream comprising partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product, H2O, H2, CO2, CO, C1 - C3 gases, char and catalyst fines; c) removing said char and catalyst fines from said product stream; d) hydroconverting said partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product in a hydroconversion reactor 25 vessel in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalyst and of the H2O, CO2, CO, H2, and C1 - C3 gas generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H2O, CO, CO2, and C1 – C3 gases.
摘要:
A gas separation membrane system and a method of preparing such gas separation membrane system by providing a porous support upon which is supported a membrane layer comprising a first gas-selective material and having a membrane thickness and removing therefrom a substantial portion of the first gas-selective material from the membrane layer by the use of an ultra-fine abrasive to thereby provide the membrane layer having a reduced membrane thickness. A second gas-selective material is deposited upon the membrane layer having the reduced membrane thickness to provide an overlayer of the second gas-selective material having an overlayer thickness so as to thereby provide the gas separation membrane system having the membrane layer of the reduced membrane thickness and the overlayer of the overlayer thickness.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from solid biomass and/or residual waste feedstocks, said process comprising the steps of: a) a first stage of hydropyrolysing the solid feedstock in a hydropyrolysis reactor vessel in the presence of molecular hydrogen and one or more deoxygenation catalysts, producing a product stream comprising partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product, H2O, H2, CO2, CO, C1-C3 gases, char and catalyst fines; b) removing said char and catalyst fines from said product stream; c) a second stage of hydroconverting said partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product in a hydroconversion reactor vessel in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalysts and of the H2O, CO2, CO, H2, and C1-C3 gas generated in step a), producing a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H2O, CO, CO2, and C1-C3 gases; d) condensing the vapour phase product of step d) to 20 provide a liquid phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid and aqueous material and separating said liquid phase product from a gas phase product comprising H2, CO, CO2, and C1-C3 gases; e) removing the aqueous material from the substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid; and f) a third stage comprising combining an aliphatic hydrocarbon precursor or an aromatic hydrocarbon precursor with at least a portion of the substantially fully deoxygenated C4+ hydrocarbon liquid and co-processing the resultant liquid in a hydroprocessing reactor vessel in the presence of hydrogen and one or more hydroprocessing catalysts.
摘要:
The present invention provides a process for producing liquid hydrocarbon products from a solid biomass feedstock, said process comprising the steps of: a) providing in a first hydropyrolysis reactor vessel a first hydropyrolysis catalyst composition, said composition comprising one or more active metals selected from cobalt, molybdenum, nickel, tungsten, ruthenium, platinum, palladium, iridium and iron on an oxide support, wherein at least a portion of the active metals are present in fully reduced metallic form; b) contacting the solid biomass feedstock with said first hydropyrolysis catalyst composition and molecular hydrogen in said first hydropyrolysis reactor vessel at a temperature in the range of from 350 to 600°C and a pressure in the range of from 0.50 to 7.50MPa, to produce a product stream comprising partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product, H2O, H2, CO2, CO, C1 - C3 gases, char and catalyst fines; c) removing said char and catalyst fines from said product stream; d) hydroconverting said partially deoxygenated hydropyrolysis product in a hydroconversion reactor vessel in the presence of one or more hydroconversion catalyst and of the H2O, CO2, CO, H2, and C1 - C3 gas generated in step a), to produce a vapour phase product comprising substantially fully deoxygenated hydrocarbon product, H2O, CO, CO2, and C1 – C3 gases.
摘要:
A process for converting one or more C3-C12 oxygenates comprising: 1) contacting a feed comprising C3-C12 oxygenates with hydrogen in the presence of a sulphided hydrogenation catalyst to produce a partially hydrogenated effluent; 2) contacting the partially hydrogenated effluent with hydrogen at a hydrogen partial pressure of at least 0.1 MegaPascal in the presence of a sulphided carbon-carbon coupling catalyst to produce a conversion product; 3) optionally contacting at least part of the conversion product with hydrogen in the presence of a sulphided hydrotreating catalyst and/or a sulphided hydroisomerization catalyst to produce a conversion product; and 4) optionally purifying the conversion product, optionally hydrotreated and/or hydroisomerized, conversion product to obtain a final product, wherein the carbon-carbon coupling catalyst comprises at least 60 wt % of a zeolite and in the range from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of a hydrogenation metal, based on the total weight of the carbon-carbon coupling catalyst.