摘要:
The present invention provides a method for producing glucose from a lignocellulosic feedstock. The method comprises the steps of (i) providing a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock slurry; (ii) moving the pretreated feedstock slurry through a pipe, which slurry has an undissolved solids content of between about 15 and about 30 wt%; (iii) adding cellulase enzyme tothe pretreated slurry to produce a slurry comprising cellulase enzyme; (iv) dispersing the cellulase enzyme added in step (iii) in the pretreated slurry by using a high shear in-line mixing device, thereby producing a pretreated slurry comprising dispersed cellulase enzyme; and thereafter (v) subjecting the pretreated slurry comprising dispersed cellulase enzyme to hydrolysis so as to produce glucose from cellulose contained therein.
摘要:
One aspect of the invention relates to lignin derivatives having an aliphatic hydroxyl content of 2.35 mmol/g lignin or less, and the preparation method thereof. The lignin derivatives have a desired antioxidant activity characterized by the normalized radical scavenging index (RSI). Another aspect of the invention relates to compositions comprising the lignin derivative. Another aspect of the invention relates to a use of the lignin derivatives comprising incorporating the lignin derivatives into polymer compositions.
摘要:
The invention relates to dietary fibre for human and animal nutrition and more particularly to roughage consisting of a fibre formulation containing lignocellulose. Said formulation contains a fraction of a fibrous substance that is fermentable in the digestive tract and a fraction of a fibrous substance that is poorly or non-fermentable in the digestive tract.
摘要:
A batch of animal feed from a plurality of ingredients is prepared in a mixer/feeder wagon (1) where the ingredients require respective predefined mixing periods during a mixing cycle in the mixer/feeder wagon (1). The mixer/feeder wagon (1) comprises a mixing compartment (14) in which a mixing rotor provided by a paddle mixer (17) is rotatably mounted. Stationary chopping blades (42) mounted in a base (43) of the mixing compartment (14) co-operate with the paddle mixer (17) for chopping fibrous material during the mixing cycle. The appropriate predefined mixing periods required for the respective ingredients are determined in order to avoid over-mixing and under-mixing of the ingredients, and the predefined mixing period is defined as the number of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) to which that ingredient is to be subjected. The duration of the mixing cycle is defined as the number of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) to which the ingredient which requires the largest number of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) is to be subjected. The ingredient which requires the largest number of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) is loaded into the mixing compartment (17) at the commencement of a mixing cycle. The counts of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) from the commencement of the mixing cycle at which the respective remaining ingredients are to be loaded into the mixing compartment (14) are determined so that the number of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) remaining in the mixing cycle from the count at which each ingredient is to be loaded into the mixing compartment (14) is equal to the predefined number of counts of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) to which that ingredient is to be subjected by the paddle mixer (17).
摘要:
A mixer/feeder wagon (1) for mixing and dispensing batches of animal feed comprises a device (50) for monitoring operation of the mixer/feeder wagon (1) and for determining instants during a mixing cycle during which ingredients of the animal feed are to be loaded into the mixer/feeder wagon (1). The mixer/feeder wagon (1) comprises a mixing compartment (14) within which a paddle mixer (17) is rotatable for mixing the ingredients of the batch of animal feed therein. Load sensors (9) produce signals indicative of the current weight of the ingredients in the mixing compartment (14) which are read by a microprocessor (55) of the device (50). A proximity sensor (38) counts the number of revolutions of the paddle mixer 17. Particulars of the ingredients of the batch of animal feed together with the weights of the respective ingredients are stored in a RAM (56) in the device (50) as well as the instants during a mixing cycle at which the respective ingredients are to be loaded into the mixing compartment (14) based on the count of revolutions of the paddle mixer (17) from the commencement of the mixing cycle. The microprocessor (55) in response to signals from the proximity sensor (38) outputs a signal to activate a siren (67) to indicate when the next ingredient is to be loaded into the mixing compartment (14). The identities of the respective ingredients as they are to be loaded into the mixing compartment (14) are displayed on a visual display screen (54) together with the weights thereof.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method for the preparation of lignocellulosic substrates having a high degree of digestibility. The inventive method consists in bringing said lignocellulosic substrates which are pre-comminuted and optionally humidified in the case of dry substrates, into contact with ozone in an agitated reactor, said ozone being produced from a vector gas, being present in the vector gas in a concentration of 80 - 200 g/m3 TPN. The residence time in said reactor ranges from 8 - 40 mins. The invention also relates to lignocellulosic substrates thus treated.
摘要:
A process and screw in barrel apparatus (10) for expanding cellulosic materials is described. The expanded cellulosic material is useful as an animal feed and a nutrient source for fermentation processes.