Abstract:
The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for high performance flue gas cleaning, in particular to improvements of a wet lime- or limestone-based flue gas desulphurization process and intended for this a single-loop, counter-current, spray tower scrubber (1) with multiple spray levels (SL1-SL6) and a reaction tank in the base, wherein novel features are primarily: (a) the total fresh reagent amount is fed on demand in the suction pipe of the recirculation pump (RP1-RP6) supplying the upper spray level(s); (b) the scrubber inlet duct is equipped with a row of flat vanes rotated on a specific angle relative to the duct guidance, providing a gas flow profile that exhibits higher velocities at the bottom and lower velocities at the top of the inlet duct; (c) for plurality of spray banks, the nozzles at the scrubber wall spray downwards and nozzles in the middle of the spray bank spray downwards.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and apparatus for granulating fly ash. In the method, fly ash containing one or more alkali earth oxides is moistened with a moistening liquid, which results in calcium hydroxide being formed in the moistening liquid, and the calcium hydroxide is reacted with carbon dioxide absorbed from flue gas to the moistening liquid, whereby solid calcium carbonate is formed that stabilizes the ash granules produced by layered granulation.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to the field of emission control equipment for boilers, heaters, kilns, or other flue gas-, or combustion gas-, generating devices (e.g., those located at power plants, processing plants, etc.) and, in particular to a new and useful method and apparatus for reducing and/or eliminating various liquid discharges from one or more emission control equipment devices (e.g., one or more wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) units). In another embodiment, the method and apparatus of the present invention is designed to reduce and/or eliminate the amount of liquid waste that is discharged from a WFGD unit by subjecting the WFGD liquid waste to one or more drying processes, one or more spray dryer (or spray dry) absorber processes, and/or one or more spray dryer (or spray dry) evaporation processes.
Abstract:
A method for calcination of a carbon dioxide rich sorbent (containing CaCO 3 ) comprises combusting in a furnace (2) a fuel with an oxidizer, supplying heat transfer (HT) solids into the furnace (2) and heating them, transferring the HT solid particles from the furnace (2) to a reactor (3) having a rotatable container (51), supplying a carbon dioxide rich solid sorbent (containing CaCO 3 ) into the rotatable container (51), rotating the rotatable container (51) for mixing the solid particles and the carbon dioxide rich solid sorbent for transferring heat from the solid particles to the carbon dioxide rich solid sorbent and generating carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide lean solid sorbent (mainly CaO), discharging the carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide lean solid sorbent from the rotatable container (51) and the subsequent classification of the HT solids from the lean sorbent.
Abstract:
Provided is an air pollution control system including: a denitration apparatus 12 that is configured to remove nitrogen oxides in a flue gas 18 discharged from a boiler 11; an air heater 13 that is configured to recover heat of the flue gas 18 after denitration; a precipitator 14 that is configured to remove soot and dust contained in the flue gas after heat recovery in the form of collected dust ash 16; a desulfurization apparatus 15 that is configured to remove sulfur oxides contained in the flue gas 18 after dust removal using limestone slurry 20 which is an absorbent; a dehydrator 32 that is configured to remove gypsum 31 from absorber slurry discharged from the desulfurization apparatus 15; a spray drying apparatus 50 provided with a spray unit that is configured to spray dehydrated filtrate 33 as desulfurization wastewater supplied from the dehydrator 32; a flue gas introduction line L 11 through which a branch gas 18a branched from the flue gas 18 is introduced to the spray drying apparatus 50; a flue gas supply line L 12 through which flue gas 18b returns to a main flue gas duct, the flue gas 18b being obtained after the dehydrated filtrate is dried by the spray drying apparatus; and a powder supply apparatus 60 that is configured to supply a powder 61 to the flue gas introduction line L 11 .
Abstract:
A circulating dry scrubber flue gas desulfurization system is disclosed. Hydrated lime is injected into the flue gas upstream of the CDS vessel. The flue gas then passes through a baghouse, where solids are captured. At least a portion of the solids are recycled. The recycle path runs from the baghouse to a splitter, where the solids are divided between the injection points. No distribution box is needed, which permits lowering the height and/or restructuring the location of many components of the system, reducing costs as well as improving or maintaining removal of combustion byproducts from the flue gas.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for reducing in a gas stream (6) the concentration of carbon dioxide and for reducing in an aqueous stream (3) the concentration of sodium chloride, which process comprises contacting a feed gas (6) comprising greater than or equal to 0.1% by volume carbon dioxide with an aqueous feed (4) comprising: (a) sodium chloride; and (b) calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide at a total concentration of greater than or equal to 0.5 % by weight,
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus for reducing the content of controlled acidic pollutants in clinker kiln emissions are disclosed. The methods and apparatus include introducing bypass dust produced during production of clinker into one or more locations between the preheater exhaust and the inlet to a dust filter including into a gas conditioning tower. Total bypass dust separated from the kiln exhaust gas may be used. The bypass dust can be separated into a fine and coarse portions. Fine or total bypass dust can be mixed with water to form a bypass dust slurry that can be introduced into the gas conditioning tower. Bypass dust can be used to reduce the content of acidic pollutants such as hydrogen chloride HCl and sulfur oxides SOx from clinker kiln emissions.
Abstract:
System for treating fumes generated by waste disposal plants, wherein waste combustion processes take place in waste-to-energy plants, said plant essentially comprising a combustion chamber (CC) in which waste is burned, arranged on a combustion grid (GC) through which an adequate quantity of air is supplied, said system comprising a steam boiler (2), wherein combustion fumes are cooled prior to entering a depuration section, a first filtering stage (3), comprising a sleeve filter or electrofilter or cyclone that receives the fumes exiting the boiler, a second filtering stage, comprising a sleeve filter arranged downstream of said first stage, a heat recovery section (5) and a chimney (6) downstream of said second stage.
Abstract:
A wet scrubber (1) useful for cleaning a process gas comprises at least a first spray level system (20) and a second spray level system (26) arranged vertically above the first spray level system (20) in a wet scrubber tower (2). The first spray level system (20) comprises at least one gas-liquid contacting plate (38) which is operative for deflecting absorption liquid, that has been atomized by means of the second spray level system (26) and flowing downward in the wet scrubber tower (2), so deflected absorption liquid (AL) may contact process gas (F) contacted by absorption liquid atomized by the first spray level system (20).