摘要:
A membrane obtainable from curing a composition comprising: (i) a curable compound comprising at least two (meth)acrylic groups and a sulphonic acid group and having a molecular weight which satisfies the equation: MW
摘要:
An ion exchanger according to a non-limiting embodiment may include an open cell polymer support and a microporous polymer matrix charged within the open cell polymer support. The microporous polymer matrix includes an ion conductive polymer. The ion conductive polymer may be obtained by polymerizing monomers having at least one ion exchange functional group and at least one cross-linkable functional group with a cross-linking agent having at least two cross-linkable functional groups.
摘要:
A demineralizer 47 comprising: an electrodialysis section 2 including an anode chamber 8 having an anode 7, a cathode chamber 10 having a cathode 9, and a soft water chamber 5 which separates the anode chamber 8 and the cathode chamber 10 from each other by means of a cation-exchange membrane 3 (diaphragm) and an anion-exchange membrane 4 and into which ion exchanger 11 is charged for obtaining soft water by the ion exchanger 11; an anode water circulation channel 20 including a water storage section 19 in which anode water is stored and an anode water circulation pump 18, the anode water circulation channel 20 circulating anode water concentrated in the anode chamber 8 by energizing the anode 7; and a cathode water circulation channel 25 including a cathode water circulation pump 23 and a deposition/removal section 24 for depositing hardness components in the cathode water thereon to remove the hardness components, the cathode water circulation channel 25 circulating the cathode water concentrated in the cathode chamber 10 by energizing the cathode 9. Cathode water concentrated in the cathode chamber 10 is circulated by the cathode water circulation pump 23, hardness components included in the cathode water are removed by the deposition/removal section 24, and it is possible to prevent a diaphragm from being clogged with the hardness components.
摘要:
Pure water production by electric deionization and pure water production by ion exchange are performed by using an electric deionization apparatus. A pure water producing apparatus is provided with an electric deionization apparatus wherein a concentration/cathode chamber (35), a desalting chamber (37) and an anode side concentration chamber (40) are provided by arranging ion exchanging membranes (33', 34, 33) between an anode (32) and a cathode (31), and each chamber is filled with an ion exchange resin. Water to be treated is supplied into the concentration chamber (40) in a state where Power distribution is controlled to be stopped or to be at a current density of 1,000mA/dm 2 or less, and ions are exchanged by the ion exchange resin (38. 39) in the concentration chamber (40), and pure water is permitted to flow out from the concentration chamber.
摘要:
Systems and methods for electrochemical separation are provided. An electrochemical separation device may include at least one cell pair wound around an electrode to from a bundle having a racetrack configuration.
摘要:
Apparatus for treating a fluid, which comprises at least one pair of electrode layers (10) power supplied to different polarities, delimiting between them a passage chamber (4) for a first fluid flow (F1) containing ionized particles and exerting hydraulic pressure on at least one surface of such electrode layers (10). Retention means (3) are provided, adapted to transmit a mechanical counter-pressure on the aforesaid pair of electrode layers (10) in order to prevent their moving away. Each electrode layer (10) comprises a metal conduction layer (11) electrically connected to the power supply means and at least one first layer of graphite (12) having a first wet surface (12A) directed towards the passage chamber (4) and a first dry surface (12B) compressed by the hydraulic pressure exerted by the fluid contained in the passage chamber (4), directly in adherence against the metal conduction layer (11), in order to distribute the current of the power supply means from the first metal conduction layer (11) to the first layer of graphite (12).
摘要:
An ion-exchange membrane including a porous unstretched polyethylene sheet in which fine pores are piercing, the pores being filled with an ion-exchange resin. The ion-exchange membrane exhibits excellent concentration property.
摘要:
Device (2) for the removal of ions from a polar liquid (F), e.g. water, comprising at least one compartment (14') which comprises at least one inlet for an entering polar liquid flow and at least one outlet for an outgoing deionized liquid flow (D), in which said compartment (14') an electrochemically regenerable ion-exchange material fills a zone through which zone a liquid flow is able to pass, the device (2) being characterized in that it comprises one sensor (1) of at least one dimensional change of the ion-exchange material. The sensor can comprise a photo-sensor or a sensor of mechanical stress. Preferably an apparatus (100, 10, 11) connected to the sensor is able to analyze this dimensional change and to control the electric current. Method of using said device (2), whereby the electrical current applied to the device (2) is controlled according to the expansion of the resin.
摘要:
The present invention relates generally to the deionization of liquids through the use of electrodeionization methods and apparatuses. The apparatuses may be configured to minimize the fouling of the electrode chambers and to provide continuous regeneration of the ion exchange materials. The apparatuses may be configured according to the desired levels of deionization for anions, cations, or both. Finally, methods are presented for various uses of the apparatuses.
摘要:
A process for preparing an ion-exchange membrane having a textured surface profile comprising the steps (i) and (ii): (i) screen-printing a radiation-curable composition onto a membrane in a patterned manner; and (ii) irradiating and thereby curing the printed, radiation-curable composition; wherein the radiation-curable composition has a viscosity of at least 30 Pa·s when measured at a shear rate of 0.1 s−1 at 20° C.